Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Limnonectes leytensis (Boettger, 1893)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Limnonectes > Species: Limnonectes leytensis

Hylarana mindanensis Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 423. Types: Not stated, presumably originally ANSP or USNM. Type locality: "Caldera, on Mindanoo [Mindanao]", Philippines. Considered a nomen dubium by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 6. Considered incertae sedis within the subgenus Limnonectes by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 63. Listed, with discussion, as a possibly senior synonym of Rana leytensis Boettger, by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 299. Status not addressed recently.

Rana mindanensis — Boettger, 1886, Ber. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 1886: 121; Taylor, 1920, Philipp. J. Sci., 16: 239.

Rana leytensis Boettger, 1893, Zool. Anz., 16: 365. Holotype: SMF 4931 (formerly 1017. 3a) according to Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 45. Type locality: "Insel Leyte, Philippinen".

Rana microdisca leytensis — Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 45.

Limnonectes (Limnonectes) leytensis — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 63.

Limnonectes leitensis — Diesmos, del Prado, Kim, Caguimbal, Venturina, Lorenzo, and Diesmos, 2026, ZooKeys, 1269: 309.

Common Names

Philippines Swamp Frog (Diesmos, del Prado, Kim, Caguimbal, Venturina, Lorenzo, and Diesmos, 2026, ZooKeys, 1269: 309).

Swamp Frog (Gaulke, 2011, Herpetofauna Panay Island: 83).

Leyte Wart Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 100).

Distribution

Philippine Islands south of Mindoro and Luzon, except Palawan (Basilan, Bohol, Camiguin Sur, Cebu, Dinagat, Leyte, Mindanao, Negros, Romblon Island Group, Samar, Sulu Archipelago).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Philippines

Endemic: Philippines

Comment

In the Limnonectes (Limnonectes) microdiscus group of Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 63. Considered a junior synonym of Rana microdisca by Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 57; Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 180, and as a subspecies of Rana microdisca by Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 45. Treated as a distinct species by Mertens, 1929, Zool. Anz., 86: 67; Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 214. Brief account (as Rana microdisca leytensis) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 291–300. Ferner, Brown, Sison, and Kennedy, 2001, Asiat. Herpetol. Res., 9: 42–43, suggested that nominal Limnonectes leytensis is a composite of at least two species (one in the Mindanao complex of islands (Leyte, Samar, Bohol, and Mindanao) and the other on the Visayan complex (Panay and Negros Is.). McLeod, 2010, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 56: 991–1000, suggested that nominal Limnonectes leytensis is composed of a complex of species. Gaulke, 2011, Herpetofauna Panay Island: 83–84, provided a brief account for Limnonectes cf leytensis for Panay Island, Philippines. See brief notes for Mindanao, Philippines, by Sanguila, Cobb, Siler, Diesmos, Alcala, and Brown, 2016, ZooKeys, 624: 29, and Pitogo, Saavedra, and Afuang, 2021, Philipp. J. Sci., 150: 1288. Meneses, Siler, Alviola, Balatibat, Gonzalez, Natividad, and Brown, 2022, Check List, 18: 941–984, discussed its habitat on Sibuyan I, Philippines. Flores, Diesmos, and Nuñeza, 2023, Biodiversitas, 24: 133–139, reported on larval morphology and life history. Rosales, Yu, and Nanual, 2023, Davao Res. J., 14: 50–65, reported on distribution and habitat with special reference to the Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary and surrounding areas of Mindanao. Sansona, Nuñeza, Köhler, and Büscher, 2025, Internatl. J. Multidiscipl. Res., 7(3): 1–7, provided new localities and elevational records. Flores, Mondejar, Caballero, Maceda, Olowa, and Nuñeza, 2025, Biodiversitas, 26: 3769–3780, discussed the habitat in Mount Gutom Protected Landscape on Zamboanga del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines. Plaza, Seronay, Ruales, Bantilan, Abucayon, Naling, and Gamalinda, 2025, Asian Herpetol. Res., 16: 331–359, reported the species from Tinuy-an Falls Protected Landscape, southeastern Mindanao, Philippines. Diesmos, del Prado, Kim, Caguimbal, Venturina, Lorenzo, and Diesmos, 2026, ZooKeys, 1269: 303–328, discussed the range on Samar I., Philippines. Sanguila, Labaja, Bernstein, and Brown, 2026, ZooKeys, 1272: 203–251, reported the species from the Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, eastern Mindanao I., Philippines. Baguio and Nuñeza, 2026, Internatl. J. Multidiscipl. Res., 8: 1–19, discussed habitat preference in the Mt. Sumagaya Range, Misamis Oriental, Mindanao, Philippines.

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