Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Limnonectes macrodon (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Limnonectes > Species: Limnonectes macrodon

Rana macrodon Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 83. Nomen nudum attributed to Kuhl (label name).

Rana macrodon Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 382. Syntypes: MNHNP (6 specimens) of which the Celebes specimen Barbour, 1912, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 44: 63, suggested was likely a specimen of Rana modesta; MNHNP 4465 designated lectotype by Kiew, 1978, Malayan Nat. J., 31: 220. Type locality: "Java" and "Célèbes", Indonesia; restricted to Java by lectotype designation.

Rana (Rana) macrodon — Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 6. Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 174.

Rana macrodon macrodon — Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 276.

Rana (Euphlyctis) macrodon — Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 239, by implication.

Euphlyctis macrodon — Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 124, by implication.

Limnonectes (Limnonectes) macrodon — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 63.

Common Names

Malaya Wart Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 100).

Malayan Giant Bullfrog (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 125).

Stone Creek Frog (Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 75).

Giant Javan Frog (Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 75; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 28).

Brown Mountain Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 106).

Distribution

Java and eastern Sumatra (Indonesia). (See comment)

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Indonesia

Endemic: Indonesia

Comment

See accounts by Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 40; Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 383-386; Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 208-212; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 255-260; and Kiew, 1978, Malayan Nat. J., 31: 219-229. See comment under Rana blythii. Possibly two species (? including Rana malesiana) under this name in Malaya, according to Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 77-78. See Rana malesiana, with which this species has been confused. Bornean records are referable to Rana ingeri. The record for Sikkim by Chanda, 1987 "1986", J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc., N.S.,, 5: 145, is almost certainly in error (Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 173). Devi and Shamungou, 2006, J. Exp. Zool. India, 9: 317-324, provided a record for Manipur, northeastern India, which is here considered problematic, although it was accepted at face value by Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 28. See Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 75-76, for brief account for Javan population. See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 84-86, to compare this species with other ranids of the Sunda Shelf region. In the Limnonectes (Limnonectes) grunniens group of Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 63. Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 105, provided a brief characterization and photograph (which Ohler, 2003, Alytes, 21: 101, regarded as of Rana kuhlii). Menzies, 2006, Frogs New Guinea & Solomon Is.: 66, discussed the problematic nature of the New Guinea record. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 483, who noted that records from mainland Southeast Asia are referable to Limnonectes blythii.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.