Limnonectes macrognathus (Boulenger, 1917)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Limnonectes > Species: Limnonectes macrognathus

Rana macrognathus Boulenger, 1917, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, 20: 414. Syntypes: BMNH 1947.2.1.61 (formerly 1893.10.9.13), by museum records. Type locality: "Karin Hills, Upper Myanmar, 1300 to 1600 feet, and from the district of the Karin Bia-po", Myanmar.

Rana (Rana) macrognathus — Boulenger, 1918, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 1: 236, by implication; Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 7.

Rana macrognathus macrognathus — Smith, 1922, J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 4: 216.

Rana macrognatha macrognatha — Taylor and Elbel, 1958, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 1054.

Rana (Euphlyctis) macrognathus — Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 239, by implication.

Euphlyctis macrognathus — Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 124, by implication.

Limnonectes (Bourretia) macrognathus — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 62.

Limnonectes (Elachyglossa) macrognathus — Ohler and Dubois, 1999, Zool. Scripta, 23: 276.

English Names

Karin Hills Wart Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 100).

Green Swollen-headed Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 128).

Large-headed Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 118).

Karin Fanged Frog (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 24). 

Big-headed Frog (Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 270).

Big-mouthed Broad-headed Frog (Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 22).

Distribution

Mainland Myanmar in disjunct populations (Kayah, Kayin, Yangon) to southern peninsular Myanmar (Tanintharyi) and through northwestern and southern peninsular Thailand as well as Trat in southeastern Thailand to northern West Malaysia; isolated record from Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Laos (see comment).

Comment

See Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 51; Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 395–398, and Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 265–268, for accounts. Ohler and Dubois, 1999, Zool. Scripta, 23: 276, gave a restricted distribution of Myanmar (Karen) and Thailand (Nakhon Si Thammarat). See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 84–86, to compare this species with other ranids of the Sunda Shelf region. Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 118–119, provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. Reported for Pulau Langkawi, Kadeh, northwestern West Malaysia, by Grismer, Youmans, Wood, Ponce, Wright, Jones, Johnson, Sanders, Gower, Yaakob, and Lim, 2006, Hamadryad, 30: 61–74. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 134, detailed the range in Thailand. Lambertz, Hartmann, Walsh, Geissler, and McLeod, 2014, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 172: 117–132, compared the head ornamentation of Limnonectes dabanus, Limnonectes gyldenstolpei, Limnonectes macrognathus, and Limnonectes plicatellus and suggested that the name Elachoglossa be restricted to this clade. Aowphol, Rujirawan, Taksintum, Chuaynkern, and Stuart, 2015, Zootaxa, 3956: 258–270, provided a molecular tree and comparative morphological  characters of this  this species. Manthey and Manthey, 2017, Sauria, Berlin, 39: 35–55, provided a record from Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Laos. Phimmachak, Sivongxay, Seateun, Yodthong, Rujirawan, Neang, Aowphol, and Stuart, 2018, Zootaxa, 4375: 334, provided a 16s mtDNA tree that placed Limnonectes macrognathus among their samples. Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 270–271, provided a brief account (photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai). Mulcahy, Lee, Miller, Chand, Thura, and Zug, 2018, ZooKeys, 757: 95, provided a record from Taninthary Division, southern Myanmar. Makchai, Chuaynkern, Safoowong, Chuachat, and Cota, 2020, Amph. N. Thailand: 63–64, provided photographs, a brief account for Thailand, and a range map. Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 24, suggested that the record from Laos by Manthey and Manthey (2016) requires confirmation. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 22–23, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar. 

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.