Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Limnonectes macrognathus (Boulenger, 1917)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Limnonectes > Species: Limnonectes macrognathus

Rana macrognathus Boulenger, 1917, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, 20: 414. Syntypes: BMNH. Type locality: "Karin Hills, Upper Myanmar, 1300 to 1600 feet, and from the district of the Karin Bia-po", Myanmar.

Rana (Rana) macrognathus — Boulenger, 1918, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 1: 236, by implication; Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 7.

Rana macrognathus macrognathus — Smith, 1922, J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 4: 216.

Rana macrognatha macrognatha — Taylor and Elbel, 1958, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 1054.

Rana (Euphlyctis) macrognathus — Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 239, by implication.

Euphlyctis macrognathus — Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 124, by implication.

Limnonectes (Bourretia) macrognathus — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 62.

Limnonectes (Elachyglossa) macrognathus — Ohler and Dubois, 1999, Zool. Scripta, 23: 276.

English Names

Karin Hills Wart Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 100).

Green Swollen-headed Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 128).

Large-headed Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 118).

Distribution

Myanmar in disjunct populations through northwestern and southern peninsular Thailand to northern Malaya, Malaysia (see comment).

Comment

See Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 51; Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 395-398, and Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 265-268, for accounts. Ohler and Dubois, 1999, Zool. Scripta, 23: 276, gave a restricted distribution of Myanmar (Karen) and Thailand (Nakhon Si Thammarat). See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 84-86, to compare this species with other ranids of the Sunda Shelf region. Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 118-119, provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. Reported for Pulau Langkawi, Kadeh, northwestern West Malaysia, by Grismer, Youmans, Wood, Ponce, Wright, Jones, Johnson, Sanders, Gower, Yaakob, and Lim, 2006, Hamadryad, 30: 61-74. Lambertz, Hartmann, Walsh, Geissler, and McLeod, 2014, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 172: 117–132, compared the head ornamentation of Limnonectes abanus, Limnonectes gyldenstolpei, Limnonectes macrognathus, and Limnonectes plicatellus and suggested that the name Elachoglossa be restricted to this clade.

External links:

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For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.