Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Heleophryne Sclater, 1898

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Heleophrynidae > Genus: Heleophryne

6 species

Heleophryne Sclater, 1898, Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 1: 110. Type species: Heleophryne purcelli Sclater, 1898, by monotypy.

English Names

Ghost Frogs (Rose, 1950, Rep. Amph. S. Afr.: 110; Wager, 1965, Frogs S. Afr.: 99; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 3; Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 50; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 51; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 51; Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 200).

Torrent Frogs (Van Dijk, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 17: 14).

Distribution

Mountainous areas of the Eastern and Western Cape Provinces of Rep. South Africa.

Comment

Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17:36-41, and Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 50-57, summarized the biology of these frogs. The Cape species were reviewed by Boycott, 1982, Ann. Cape Prov. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), 14: 89-108. See also taxonomic comments by Boycott, 1988, Ann. Cape Prov. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), 16: 317. See Branch, 1995, Afr. Herp News, 23: 38-39, for date of publication. Boycott, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 95-97, provided an overview (see species records below for related species accounts). See comment under Hadromophryne. Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 200-213, provided a key and accounts for the species. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 170–176, reported on comparative tadpole morphology.

Contained taxa (6 sp.):

Heleophryne depressa FitzSimons, 1946

Heleophryne hewitti Boycott, 1988

Heleophryne orientalis FitzSimons, 1946

Heleophryne purcelli Sclater, 1898

Heleophryne regis Hewitt, 1910

Heleophryne rosei Hewitt, 1925

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist