| Search tool |
Example of search string in box |
What that means to the database |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
Hyl* |
Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla. |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
*Hyla |
Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla |
|
Hyla |
Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor |
| Strings of words without quotation marks |
Lithobates pipiens |
Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens |
| Strings of word with quotation marks |
"Lithobates pipiens" |
Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex. |
| AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND |
Lithobates AND pipiens |
Same as "Lithobates pipiens" |
| OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR |
Lithobates OR "Costa Rica" |
Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica |
| Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks) |
Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri |
Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records |
| Printable HELP file |
| Search tool |
Example of search string in box |
What that means to the database |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
Hyl* |
Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla. |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
*Hyla |
Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla |
| Single word |
Hyla |
Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor |
| Strings of words without quotation marks |
Lithobates pipiens |
Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens |
| Strings of word with quotation marks |
"Lithobates pipiens" |
Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex. |
| AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND |
Lithobates AND pipiens |
Same as "Lithobates pipiens" |
| OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR |
Lithobates OR "Costa Rica" |
Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica |
| Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks) |
Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri |
Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records |
| Printable HELP file |
Heleophryne Sclater, 1898
6 species
English Names
Ghost Frogs (Rose, 1950, Rep. Amph. S. Afr.: 110; Wager, 1965, Frogs S. Afr.: 99; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 3; Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 50; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 51; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 51; Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 200).
Torrent Frogs (Van Dijk, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 17: 14).
Distribution
Mountainous areas of the Eastern and Western Cape Provinces of Rep. South Africa.
Comment
Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17:36-41, and Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 50-57, summarized the biology of these frogs. The Cape species were reviewed by Boycott, 1982, Ann. Cape Prov. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), 14: 89-108. See also taxonomic comments by Boycott, 1988, Ann. Cape Prov. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), 16: 317. See Branch, 1995, Afr. Herp News, 23: 38-39, for date of publication. Boycott, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 95-97, provided an overview (see species records below for related species accounts). See comment under Hadromophryne. Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 200-213, provided a key and accounts for the species. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 170–176, reported on comparative tadpole morphology.
Contained taxa (6 sp.):
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