Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Boana semilineata (Spix, 1824)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Hylidae > Subfamily: Hylinae > Genus: Boana > Species: Boana semilineata

Hyla geographica var. semilineata Spix, 1824, Animal. Nova Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. Brasil.: 40. Type(s): Not designated although including animal figured on pl. 11, fig. 2 of the original publication; holotype was ZSM 47/0 and now presumed lost according to Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 370, and confirmed by Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 167. Type locality: "Provinciae Rio de Janeiro", Brazil. Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 51, suggested that the type locality is "provàvelmente Rio de Janeiro", Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Cophomantis punctillata Peters, 1870, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1870: 651. Holotype: ZMB 6953, according to Bauer, Günther, and Klipfel, 1995, in Bauer et al. (eds.), Herpetol. Contr. W.C.H. Peters: 41. Type locality: "S[an]ta. Catharina (Brasiliens)", Brazil. Synonymy with Hyla punctatissima appendiculata by Parker, 1933, Trop. Agric., Trinidad, 10: 10. Synonymy with Hyla geographica by Duellman, 1973, Copeia, 1973: 526. (Allocation here on the basis of geography alone as although Hyla geographica has been partitioned, the synonyms have not been addressed in publication—DRF.)

Hyla (Hylella) punctillata — Peters, 1873 "1872", Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 772.

Hyla punctillata — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 359.

Hyla semilineata — Silveira and Caramaschi, 1989, Resumos 16a Congr. Brasil. Zool. Univ. Fed. Paraiba: XXX. d'Heursel and de Sá, 1999, J. Herpetol., 33: 353; Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2001, Anf. Municipio Rio de Janeiro: 41.

Hypsiboas semilineatus — Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell, and Wheeler, 2005, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 294: 89.

Boana semilineata — Dubois, 2017, Bionomina, 11: 28.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Brazil in the coastal region from Alagoas to Santa Catarina. See comment.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

See Duellman, 1973, Copeia, 1973: 526-530, and Lutz, 1973, Brazil. Spec. Hyla: 34-37. Silveira and Caramaschi, 1989, Resumos 16a Congr. Brasil. Zool. Univ. Fed. Paraiba: XXX, resurrected this taxon from the synonymy of Hyla geographica, where it had been originally placed and more recently by Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 51. See discussion of taxonomic history and further evidence of distinctiveness by d'Heursel and de Sá, 1999, J. Herpetol., 33: 353-361. Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2001, Anf. Municipio Rio de Janeiro: 41, provided a brief account and photo of Hyla semilineata. In the Hypsiboas semilineatus group of Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell, and Wheeler, 2005, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 294: 89. Fouquet, Martinez, Zeidler, Courtois, Gaucher, Blanc, Lima, Marques-Souza, Rodrigues, and Kok, 2016, Zootaxa, 4084: 79–104, noted at least 5 unnamed species in Brazil and the Guiana Shield that presumably will be named in the near future. Dubeux, Silva, Nascimento, Gonçalves, and Mott, 2019, Rev. Nordestina Zool., 12: 18–52, summarized the literature on larval morphology. See Dubeux, Nascimento, Lima, Magalhães, Silva, Gonçalves, Almeida, Correia, Garda, Mesquita, Rossa-Feres, and Mott, 2020, Biota Neotrop., 20 (2: e20180718): 1–24, for characterization and identification of larvae north of the Rio São Francisco in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. Reported from the Environmental Protection Area of Catolé and Fernão Velho, Alagoas, Brazil, by Dubeux, Nascimento, Gonçalves, and Mott, 2021, Pap. Avulsos Zool., São Paulo, 61 (e20216176): 1–10, who provided a key to the frogs of that region. Pezzuti, Leite, Rossa-Feres, and Garcia, 2021, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 22 (Special Issue): 1–109, described and discussed larval morphology and natural history. Manzano, Takeno, and Sawaya, 2022, Zootaxa, 5178: 453–472, reported on the advertisement call from São Paulo, Brazil. Taucce, Costa-Campos, Carvalho, and Michalski, 2022, Eur. J. Taxon., 836: 112, noted that records from Amapá, Brazil, apply to an unnamed candidate species (Boana aff. semilineata) or to Boana diabolica.

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