Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Exerodonta Brocchi, 1879

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Hylidae > Subfamily: Hylinae > Genus: Exerodonta

8 species

Exerodonta Brocchi, 1879, Bull. Soc. Philomath., Paris, Ser. 7, 3: 20. Type species: Exerodonta sumichrasti Brocchi, 1879, by monotypy.

Common Names

Highlands Treefrogs (Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 13).

Distribution

South-central Mexico; eastern Guatemala and southwestern Honduras.

Comment

In Hylini and resurrected from the synonymy of Hyla by Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell, and Wheeler, 2005, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 294: 100 (for the former Hyla sumichrasti group and part of the former Hyla miotympanum group), where Exerodonta had been placed by by implication of Duellman and Hoyt, 1961, Copeia, 1961: 414-417 (synonymy of Exerodonta with Hyla), and explicitly by Gorham, 1974, Checklist World Amph.: 93. Formerly considered a synonym of Hylella by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 419. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 227–228, provided a brief summary of natural history for the species of Central America, compared with with other species of hylids from that region, and provided an identification key, range maps, and photographs. Faivovich, Pereyra, Luna, Hertz, Blotto, Vásquez-Almazán, McCranie, Sánchez, Baêta, Araujo-Vieira, Köhler, Kubicki, Campbell, Frost, Wheeler, and Haddad, 2018, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 13: 5–6, discussed the problematic understanding of phylogeny of this group in part given a number of misidentified sequences in published revisions and because small differences in genetic distance among named species, implied that Exerodonta abdivita and Exerodonta perkinsi may be conspecific, and that Exerodonta xera, Exerodonta chimalapa, and Exerodonta smaragdina may be conspecific, and that, pending resolution of the phylogenetic position of Exerodonta catracha and Exerodonta melanomma, the monophyly of Exerodonta remains questionable.

Contained taxa (8 sp.):

Exerodonta abdivita (Campbell and Duellman, 2000)

Exerodonta bivocata (Duellman and Hoyt, 1961)

Exerodonta chimalapa (Mendelson and Campbell, 1994)

Exerodonta melanomma (Taylor, 1940)

Exerodonta perkinsi (Campbell and Brodie, 1992)

Exerodonta smaragdina (Taylor, 1940)

Exerodonta sumichrasti Brocchi, 1879

Exerodonta xera (Mendelson and Campbell, 1994)

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