Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Crossodactylus grandis Lutz, 1951

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Hylodidae > Genus: Crossodactylus > Species: Crossodactylus grandis

Crossodactylus dispar grandis Lutz, 1951, O Hospital, 39: 707. Holotype: A. Lutz Collection, now in MNRJ 3285, according to Pimenta, Cruz, and Caramaschi, 2014, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 45: 15. Type locality: "Itatiaia", Brazil; rendered as "Itatiaia Mountain . . . . at Brejo da Lapa; elevation 2,200 m., Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro", Brazil, by Lutz, 1952, Copeia, 1952: 28. Given as "Brejo da Lapa (22°21’S, 44°44’W; 2,200 m a.s.l.; . . ., Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Municipality of Itamonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil" by Pimenta, Cruz, and Caramaschi, 2014, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 45: 15.

Crossodactylus grandis — Lynch, 1971, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 53: 165.

Common Names

Bahia Spinythumb Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 71).

Distribution

Known only from the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, along the borders of the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as well as ca. 110 km southwest, occupying a narrow portion of the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain complex from the type locality to the Municipality of Santo Antônio do Pinhal, State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

Beçak, 1968, Carylogia, 21: 191–208, reported on the karyotype. Removed; without discussion, from the synonymy of Crossodactylus dispar by Lynch, 1971, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 53: 165; subsequently recognized by Caramaschi and Sazima, 1985, Rev. Brasil. Zool., 3: 43–49, who placed it in their Crossodactylus gaudichaudii group. See account by Pimenta, Cruz, and Caramaschi, 2014, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 45: 15

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.