Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Crossodactylus trachystomus (Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Hylodidae > Genus: Crossodactylus > Species: Crossodactylus trachystomus

Tarsopterus trachystomus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 "1861", Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., Ser. 2, 3: 177. Holotype: ZMUC 128, according to Cochran, 1955 "1954", Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 206: 253; ZMUC 11126 is holotype according to museum records (personal commun., H. Kristensen, 24 Nov 2010). Now renumberd R.11126 according to Pimenta, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2015, Zootaxa, 3955: 68. Type locality: "Lagoa Santa", near Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Crossodactylus bresslaui Müller, 1924, Senckenb. Biol., 6: 169. Holotype: ZSM 1/1924, now lost, according to Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 171. Type locality: "Gorduras (Fazenda in der Serra do Curral, s. w. von Villa Nova da Lima (Morro Velho), Staat Minas Geraes", Brazil. Synonymy by Cochran, 1955 "1954", Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 206: 252.

Crossodactylus trachystoma — Cochran, 1955 "1954", Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 206: 252. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Crossodactylus trachystomus — Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 93; Caramaschi and Sazima, 1985, Rev. Brasil. Zool., 3: 48.

Crossodactylus bokermanni Caramaschi and Sazima, 1985, Rev. Brasil. Zool., 3: 43. Holotype: JJ 6044, by original designation. Type locality: "km 114 da estrada de Vespasiano a Conceição do Mato Dentro, município de Jaboticatubas, Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brasil". Synonymy by Pimenta, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2015, Zootaxa, 3955: 65.

English Names

Minas Gerais Spinythumb Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 71).

Bokermann's Stream Froglet (Crossodactylus bokermanni [no longer recognized]: Eterovick and Sazima, 2004, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 77).

Bokermann Spinythumb Frog (Crossodactylus bokermanni [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 71).

Distribution

Serra do Espinhaço and Serra de Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

In the Crossodactylus trachystomus group of Caramaschi and Sazima, 1985, Rev. Brasil. Zool., 3: 43-49. Pimenta, Wachlevski, and Cruz, 2008, J. Herpetol., 42: 481-492, descrbed the advertisement call and noted that the record of Canelas and Bertoluci, 2007, Iheringia, Zool., 97: 21-26, for the Serra do Caraça, southern end of the Serra do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, Brazil, was mistakenly based on specimens of Crossodactylus bokermanni. Pimenta, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2015, Zootaxa, 3955: 65–82, placed Crossodactylus bokermanni into synonymy of Crossodactylus trachystomus, redescribed the holotype of the latter, and provided a detailed account and range map. Eterovick and Sazima, 2004, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 77-78, provided a photograph and brief account. (as Crossodactylus bokermanni). Eterovick, Souza, and Sazima, 2020, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 1–292, provided an account, life history information, and an identification scheme for the Serra de Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Pezzuti, Leite, Rossa-Feres, and Garcia, 2021, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 22 (Special Issue): 1–109, described and discussed larval morphology and natural history.

External links:

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.