Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
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Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Hyperolius marginatus Peters, 1854

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Hyperoliidae > Subfamily: Hyperoliinae > Genus: Hyperolius > Species: Hyperolius marginatus

Hyperolius marginatus Peters, 1854, Ber. Bekannt. Verhandl. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1854: 627. Holotype: ZMB 4806 according to Tornier, 1896, in Möbius (ed.), Deutsch Ost-Afr., 3: 151; reported in error as ZMB 1806 by Bauer, Günther, and Klipfel, 1995, in Bauer et al. (eds.), Herpetol. Contr. W.C.H. Peters: 44. Type locality: "Macanga", north of Sena (according to Bauer, Günther, and Klipfel, 1995, in Bauer et al. (eds.), Herpetol. Contr. W.C.H. Peters: 44), Mozambique. Synonymy with Hyperolius marmoratus angolensis by Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 389. Considered a race of Hyperolius marmoratus by Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 199.

Rappia marginata — Günther, 1869 "1868", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868: 479.

Hyperolius marginatus — Peters, 1882, Naturwiss. Reise Mossambique, Zool. 3: 165.

Rappia marmorata var. marginata — Barboza du Bocage, 1895, Herpetol. Angola Congo: 164.

Rappia undulata Boulenger, 1901, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 2: 4. Syntypes: MRAC and BMNH (including BMNH 1947.2.9.64–66 [formerly 1901.3.26.9–12] according to museum records), MCZ 15427 (on exchange from BMNH, according to Barbour and Loveridge, 1946, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 96: 185). Type locality: "Pweto et de Lofoï", Dem. Rep. Congo. Synonymy by Laurent, 1983, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 18: 1–93. Synonymy with Hyperolius melanoleucus melanoleucus by Laurent, 1943, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 4: 67.

Rappia rhodoscelis Boulenger, 1901, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 2: 4. Syntypes: MRAC and BMNH (including 1947.2.9.44–45 [formerly 1901.3.12.21-22] and possibly 1947.2.26.94-96, according to museum records). Type locality: "Pweto", Dem. Rep. Congo. Synonymy with Rappia undulata by Laurent, 1943, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 4: 67 (who documented sympatry with Hyperolius melanoleucus); Laurent, 1948 "1947", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 11, 14: 290; Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 386; and Laurent, 1983, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 18: 1-93. Synonymy by Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 328.

Hyperolius argentovittis Ahl, 1931, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17: 72. Holotype: ZMB unnumbered, according to the original publication; not found by Laurent, 1961, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 64: 65–6; ZMB 85718 is holotype according to Tillack, de Ruiter, and Rödel, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., Berlin, 97: 417, who had relocated the specimen. Type locality: “Ujiji (Udjidji, Tanganyika-See, Deutsch-Ost-Afrika)” [Ujiji, Kigoma Province, Tanzania]. Considered a subspecies of Hyperolius marmoratus by Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 389; Broadley, 1971, Puku, 6: 122. The description by Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 345, appeared subsequently according to Tillack, de Ruiter, and Rödel, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., Berlin, 97: 417.

Hyperolius udjidjiensis Ahl, 1931, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17: 97 Holotype: ZMB 36101 according to Laurent, 1961, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 64: 87. Type locality: "Udjidji" (= Ujiji), Kigoma Province, Tanzania. Synonymy with Hyperolius striolatus by Loveridge, 1933, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 74: 346, although this was ambiguous as he noted that the "Ujiji specimen may be distinct", suggesting that he was only allocating Kenya specimens to Hyperolius striolatus. Synonymy with Hyperolius marmoratus striolatus by Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 387. Synonymy with Hyperolius marmoratus rubripes by Laurent, 1961, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 64: 87. The description in Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 370, appeared subsequently according to Tillack, de Ruiter, and Rödel, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., Berlin, 97: 436. Synonymy by Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 328.

Hyperolius graueri Ahl, 1931, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17: 131,. Holotype: ZMB 85758, according to Tillack, de Ruiter, and Rödel, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., Berlin, 97: 424. Type locality: "Westliches Russisi-Ufer und Nordwestufer des Tanganyika-Sees". Provisional synonymy (with Hyperolius argentovittis) by Laurent, 1943, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 4: 67. Considered a synonym of Hyperolius marmoratus argentovittis by Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 389. The description in Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 419, appeared subsequently according to Tillack, de Ruiter, and Rödel, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., Berlin, 97: 424.

Hyperolius undulatus — Ahl, 1931, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17: 55.

Hyperolius melanoleucus Laurent, 1941, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 34: 157. Syntypes: MRAC 35962–67, by original designation. Type locality: "Lukafu", Dem. Rep. Congo. Synonymy (with Hyperolius marmoratus nyassae) by Laurent, 1948 "1947", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 11, 14: 288–294; Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 385. Consideration as a subspecies by Laurent, 1965, Breviora, 216: 2. Synonymy with Hyperolius marginatus by Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2000, J. Biogeograph., 27: 1235; Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2001, Amphibia-Reptilia, 22: 159.

Hyperolius melanoleucus melanoleucus — Laurent, 1943, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 4: 111.

Hyperolius melanoleucus kandoensis Laurent, 1943, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 4: 113. Holotype: MRAC 12653, by original designation. Type locality: "Kando (pres de Tenke, Katanga Province]", Dem. Rep. Congo. Synonymy by Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 328.

Hyperolius angolensis straeleni Laurent, 1943, Bull. Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belg., 19: 17. Holotype: IRSNB I. G. 12371 Reg. 1155, by original designation; subsequently reported as IRSNB 1.040 by Lang, 1990, Doc. Trav., Inst. R. Sci. Nat. Belg., 59: 8. Type locality: "Bukama (Lualaba)". Considered a subspecies of Hyperolius marmoratus by Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 389. Synonymy with Hyperolius marmoratus argentovittis by Laurent, 1957, Explor. Parc Natl. Upemba, Miss. G.F. de Witte, 42: 17.

Hyperolius lestagei Laurent, 1943, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, Tervuren, Zool., 4: 109. Holotype: MRAC 39679, by original designation. Type locality: "Luapula (près du Lac Bangwelo)", Dem. Rep. Congo. Synonymy with Hyperolius marmoratus by Schiøtz, 1975, Treefrogs E. Afr.: 216; with Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 328.

Hyperolius marmoratus rhodesianus Laurent, 1948 "1947", Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 11, 14: 294. Holotype: BMNH 1937.1.5.1, by original designation. Type locality: "Matetsi, Rhodesia [= Zimbabwe]". Synonymy by Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 330.

Hyperolius marmoratus aposematicus Laurent, 1951, Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 35. Holotype: MNHNP 33.295, by original designation. Type locality: "Lealui s/Zambèze, Rhodesie", Zimbabwe; Laurent, 1965, Breviora, 216: 2. Synonymy by Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 330.

Hyperolius marmoratus argentovittis — Laurent, 1952 "1951", Ann. Soc. R. Zool. Belg., 82: 382; Laurent, 1965, Breviora, 216: 2; Broadley, 1971, Puku, 6: 122; Laurent, 1983, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 18: 1–93; Poynton and Broadley, 1987, Ann. Natal Mus., 28: 223.

Hyperolius marmoratus marginatus — Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 199; Poynton and Broadley, 1987, Ann. Natal Mus., 28: 218.

Hyperolius aposematicus — Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 201; Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 402.

Hyperolius rhodesianus — Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 201; Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2000, J. Biogeograph., 27: 1235; Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2001, Amphibia-Reptilia, 22: 159.

Hyperolius marmoratus melanoleucus Laurent, 1965, Breviora, 216: 5. Laurent, 1983, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 18: 1–93; Poynton and Broadley, 1987, Ann. Natal Mus., 28: 224.

Hyperolius marmoratus pyrrhodictyon Laurent, 1965, Breviora, 216: 5. Holotype: MCZ 46182, by original designation. Type locality: "Mazabuka, in the water-grass fringe of the Kafue River, . . . North Rhodesia [= Zambia]". Synonymy by Channing, 2022, Zootaxa, 5134: 328.

Hyperolius parallelus argentovittis — Schiøtz, 1975, Treefrogs E. Afr.: 176.

Hyperolius viridiflavus melanoleucus — Schiøtz, 1975, Treefrogs E. Afr.: 179.

Hyperolius parallelus pyrrhodictyon — Schiøtz, 1975, Treefrogs E. Afr.: 181.

Hyperolius parallelus aposematicus — Schiøtz, 1975, Treefrogs E. Afr.: 183.

Hyperolius marginatus argentovittis — Laurent, 1976, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Tervuren, Ser. Octavo, Sci. Zool., 213: 91.

Hyperolius marginatus aposematicus — Laurent, 1976, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Tervuren, Ser. Octavo, Sci. Zool., 213: 96.

Hyperolius marginatus marginatus — Laurent, 1976, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Tervuren, Ser. Octavo, Sci. Zool., 213: 97.

Hyperolius marginatus melanoleucus — Laurent, 1976, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Tervuren, Ser. Octavo, Sci. Zool., 213: 93.

Hyperolius marginatus pyrrhodictyon — Laurent, 1976, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Tervuren, Ser. Octavo, Sci. Zool., 213: 96.

Hyperolius marginatus rhodesianus — Laurent, 1976, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Tervuren, Ser. Octavo, Sci. Zool., 213: 96.

Hyperolius marmoratus marginatus — Poynton and Broadley, 1987, Ann. Natal Mus., 28: 218; Lambiris, 1990 "1989", Monogr. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 10: 173).

Hyperolius marmoratus aposematicus — Poynton and Broadley, 1987, Ann. Natal Mus., 28: 221.

Hyperolius pyrrhodictyon — Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2000, J. Biogeograph., 27: 1235; Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2001, Amphibia-Reptilia, 22: 159.

Common Names

Silver-striped Sedgefrog (Hyperolius marmoratus argentovittis: Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 133).

Margined Sedge Frog (Hyperolius marginatus: Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 73).

Laurent's Reed Frog (Hyperolius rhodesianus [no longer recognized]: Lambiris, 1990 "1989", Monogr. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 10: 181; Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 264).

Aposematic Reed Frog (Hyperolius marmoratus aposematicus [no longer recognized]: Lambiris, 1990 "1989", Monogr. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 10: 182).

Margined Reed Frog (Hyperolius marginatus: Bittencourt-Silva, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (2: e181): 8).

Spotted Tree Frog (Hyperolius marmoratus verrucosus: Hewitt, 1937, Guide Vert. Fauna E. Cape Province, Rept. Amph. Fishes: 109).

Distribution

Central-eastern Angola east to extreme western and northern Zimbabwe, western Zambia, southern Dem. Rep. Congo, southern Burundi, western Tanzania, and western Malawi and western Mozambique; likely into extreme northeastern Namibia and adjacent northern Botswana.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Angola, Congo, Democratic Republic of the, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Likely/Controversially Present: Botswana, Burundi, Namibia

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Hyperolius marmoratus by Wieczorek, Drewes, and Channing, 2000, J. Biogeograph., 27: 1231–1243, although all of the names involved were not addressed. Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 151–152, provided an account (as Hyperolius argentovittis). See comments by Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 407–408 (as Hyperolius marginatus) and 403 (Hyperolius pyrrhodictyon). Mercurio, 2011, Amph. Malawi: 160–165 (as Hyperolius marmoratus marginatus), provided an account for Malawi. See general discussion of the Hyperolius viridiflavus–parallelus–marginatus group by Schiøtz, 1999, Treefrogs Afr.: 206–228. See account, as Hyperolius rhodesianus, by Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 264-265. See Bittencourt-Silva, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (2: e181): 6, for comments on ecology in western Zambia. Tillack, de Ruiter, and Rödel, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., Berlin, 97: 417, reported on the collections, collectors, and provenance of the types of Hyperolius argentivittis, Hyperolius udjidjiensis, Hyperolius graueri, and Hyperolius marginatus. Dehling and Sinsch, 2023, Diversity, 15 (512): 65, specifically excluded this species from the fauna of Rwanda.

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