Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Adenomera marmorata Steindachner, 1867

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Leptodactylidae > Subfamily: Leptodactylinae > Genus: Adenomera > Species: Adenomera marmorata

Adenomera marmorata Steindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 37. Holotype: NHMW 16453, according to Heyer, 1973, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 251: 26. See Parker, 1932, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 10: 342, for ambiguity surrounding this specimen. Type locality: "Brasilien"; the only Brazilian locality for the Novara is Rio de Janeiro and vicinity according to Gans, 1955, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 33: 276.

Leptodactylus trivittatus Lutz, 1926, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 19: 151. Syntypes: MNRJ, including USNM 96815-19, 96936, 96938-43 according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 65; USNM 96943 designated lectotype by Heyer, 1973, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 251: 28. Type locality: "Alto da Serra de Cubatão e alguns de Campo Bello", São Paulo, Brazil. Given as "Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo Brazil", "Montserrat, Campo Bello, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil", and Campo Bello, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" by Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 65. Restricted to "Campo Bello, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" by lectotype designation. Synonymy by Heyer, 1973, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 251: 35.

Leptodactylus (Parvulus) trivittatus — Lutz, 1930, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 23: 2, 22.

Leptodactylus (Adenomera) marmorata — Parker, 1932, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 10: 342.

Leptodactylus marmoratus — Parker, 1935, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1935: 508.

Leptodactylus marmoratus marmoratus — Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 126: 35.

Adenomera marmorata — Heyer, 1974, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 253: 43; Kwet, Steiner, and Zillikens, 2009, Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ., 44: 94. See comments under Adenomera and Leptodactylus.

Leptodactylus (Lithodytes) marmoratus — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 362.

English Names

Marbled Tropical Bullfrog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 70).

Distribution

Southeastern Brazil: states of Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina..

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

See accounts (as Leptodactylus marmoratus) by Heyer, 1973, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 251: 40-42, and Cei, 1980, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Monogr., 2: 357-361; and (as Adenomera marmorata) by Heyer, Rand, Cruz, Peixoto, and Nelson, 1990, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 31: 287-289. Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2001, Anf. Municipio Rio de Janeiro: 73, provided a brief account and photo. Kwet, 2007, Mitt. Mus. Naturkd. Berlin, Zool., 83 (Supplement): 56-68, on the basis of call data suggested that two undescribed species existed under this name within Santa Catarina and Paraná, Brazil, and that a third species he associated with the former synonym Adenomera nana. Cassini, Taucce, Carvalho, Fouquet, Solé, Haddad, and Garcia, 2020, PLoS One, 15(2: e0229324): 1–26, rejected that Adenomera marmorata is a complex of species.

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