Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Adenomera simonstuarti (Angulo and Icochea, 2010)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Leptodactylidae > Subfamily: Leptodactylinae > Genus: Adenomera > Species: Adenomera simonstuarti

Leptodactylus simonstuarti Angulo and Icochea, 2010, Syst. Biodiversity, 8: 360. Holotype: MHNSM 18218, by original designation. Type locality: "Campamento Segakiato, c. 340 m asl, Río Camisea, District of Echarate, Province of La Convención, Region of Cusco, Peru".

Adenomera simonstuarti — Fouquet, Cassini, Haddad, Pech, and Rodrigues, 2014, J. Biogeograph., 41: 858.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Known with certainty from the upper Amazon Basin of southwestern Brazilian and Peruvian Amazonia, and two locations in the eastern slopes of the Andes in south central Peru; unnamed associated cryptic species (6 lineages) known from montane forests of western Venezuela to upper Rio Negro and lower Juruá drainages, Amazonas, Brazil, extreme northwestern Bolivia, and Amazonia of Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia. See comment.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil, Peru

Likely/Controversially Present: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela

Comment

In the Leptodactylus marmoratus group according to the original publication, where external morphology, morphometrics, and the advertisement call were detailed. Carvalho, Moraes, Angulo, Werneck, Icochea, and Lima, 2020, Eur. J. Taxon., 682: 1–16, detected 8 lineages within this nominal taxon that differ in calls and mtDNA molecular markers of which the lineage containing the type locality is restricted to south-central Amazonian Peru and adjacent Amazonian Brazil. Martins, Mônico, Mendonça, Dantas, Souza, Hanken, Lima, and Ferrão, 2024, Zoosyst. Evol., 100: 233–253, suggested on the basis of comparative genetic distance that this nominal species is likely a species complex composed of 9 species, of which one was named as Adenomera albarena (from Amazonas, Brazil), one with the name Adenomera simonstuarti applied to it (from Amazonian Peru and Rondônia, Brazil), and the remaining 7 distributed from western Venezuela, eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and Amazonian Peru and Rondônia, Brazil, and northwestern Bolivia).

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to Ecuador see FaunaWebEcuador: Anfibios del Ecuador
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.