Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Mantidactylus femoralis (Boulenger, 1882)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Mantellidae > Subfamily: Mantellinae > Genus: Mantidactylus > Species: Mantidactylus femoralis

Rana femoralis Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 463. Syntypes: BMNH 1947.2.22.65-68, according to Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 26; BMNH 1947.2.22.65 designated lectotype by Glaw and Vences, 2004, Spixiana, München, 27: 85. Type locality: "East Betsileo", Madagascar.

Rana flavicrus Boulenger, 1889, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 4: 245. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.26.53 according to Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 29. Type locality: "Madagascar". Synonymy by Boulenger, 1889, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 4: 246; Blommers-Schlösser and Blanc, 1991, Faune de Madagascar, 75: 220.

Mantidactylus flavicrus — Boulenger, 1895, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 15: 450. Boulenger, 1918, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1918: 259; Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 29.

Mantidactylus femoralis — Parker, 1925, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 16: 393.

Mantidactylus (Mantidactylus) flavicrus — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 25.

Mantidactylus Catalai Angel, 1935, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 60: 203. Holotype: MNHNP 1935.153, according to the original publication and Blommers-Schlösser and Blanc, 1991, Faune de Madagascar, 75: 220. Type locality: Isaka-"d'Ivondro, alt. 700 m.; région de Fort-Dauphin", Madagascar. Synonymy by Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 26.

Mantidactylus poissoni Angel, 1937, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 10: 178. Holotype: MNHNP 1937.1 according to Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 45. Type locality: "forêt de la Mandroka (70 km. de Tananarive, route de l'Est), sous de roches d'un petit ruisseau tributaire de la rivière la Mandaka", Madagascar. Considered a nomen dubium by Blommers-Schlösser and Blanc, 1991, Faune de Madagascar, 75: 261. Considered a nomen dubium by Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 45, possibly synonymous with Mantidactylus femoralis, this concurred with by Glaw and Vences, 1992, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Madagascar: 278.

Mantidactylus femoralis — Guibé, 1948, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 20: 235.

Mantidactylus (Hylobatrachus) femoralis — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 312. .

Mantidactylus (Ochthomantis) femoralis — Glaw and Vences, 1994, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Madagascar, Ed. 2: 400. Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., Electron. Suppl., 11(1): 3.

English Names

Fort Madagascar Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 101).

Distribution

Madagascar.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Madagascar

Endemic: Madagascar

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Mantidactylus lugubris by Parker, 1925, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 16: 393, where it had been placed by Boulenger, 1889, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 4: 246, and Boulenger, 1918, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1918: 258. Prior to the revision by Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., 6: 236-253, in the Mantidactylus (Hylobatrachus) lugubris group of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 312. Glaw and Vences, 2007, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Madagascar, Ed. 3: 246-247, provided an account and noted a number of similar unnamed species.

External links:

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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.