Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Spinomantis Dubois, 1992

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Mantellidae > Subfamily: Mantellinae > Genus: Spinomantis

20 species

Spinomantis Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 313. Type species: Rhacophorus aglavei Methuen and Hewitt, 1913, by original designation. Proposed as a subgenus of Mantidactylus. Treated as a genus by Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., 6: 248.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Eastern Madagascar.

Comment

: 236-253, and Kurabayashi, Sumida, Yonekawa, Glaw, Vences, and Hasegawa, 2008, Mol. Biol. Evol., 25: 874-891, considered Spinomantis to be the sister taxon of a group composed of Gephyromantis, Boehmantis, and Mantidactylus. Vejarano, Thomas, and Vences, 2006, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 75: 99–108, reported on larval morphology. Wollenberg, Vieites, Glaw, and Vences, 2011, BMC Evol. Biol., 11 (217) : 1-15, came to slightly different conclusions and suggested Spinomantis to be the sister taxon of Mantella + + Wakea + Guibemantis + Blommersia. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, confirmed this result in their molecular tree based on Genbank sequences. Glaw and Vences, 2007, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Madagascar, Ed. 3: 206-209, provided accounts. Cramer, Rabibisoa, and Raxworthy, 2008, Am. Mus. Novit., 3618: 1-22, provided a key to the species known at the time. Mezzasalma, Odierna, Brunelli, and Guarino, 2025, Genes, 16 (1464): 1–13, discussed karyotypes of a number of the species. Vences, Scherz, Köhler, Ruthmann Jimenez, Andreone, Crottini, Hutter, Petzold, Raselimanana, and Glaw, 2026, Salamandra, 62: 167–203, reviewed the species, their taxonomy, phylogenetics, molecular, morphological and bioacoustic variation, and named four new species and delimited named clades, as well as providing dot distribution maps.

Contained taxa (20 sp.):

Spinomantis aglavei (Methuen and Hewitt, 1913)

Spinomantis beckei Vences, Köhler, and Glaw, 2017

Spinomantis bertini (Guibé, 1947)

Spinomantis brunae (Andreone, Glaw, Vences, and Vallan, 1998)

Spinomantis chlorostictus Vences, Scherz, Köhler, Ruthmann Jimenez, Andreone, Crottini, Hutter, Petzold, Raselimanana, and Glaw, 2026

Spinomantis elegans (Guibé, 1973)

Spinomantis fimbriatus (Glaw and Vences, 1994)

Spinomantis fohitsilo Vences, Scherz, Köhler, Ruthmann Jimenez, Andreone, Crottini, Hutter, Petzold, Raselimanana, and Glaw, 2026

Spinomantis guibei (Blommers-Schlösser, 1991)

Spinomantis lakolosy Hutter, Andriampenomanana, Lambert, and Vences, 2025

Spinomantis lavabato Hutter, Andriampenomanana, Lambert, and Vences, 2025

Spinomantis leonieae Vences, Scherz, Köhler, Ruthmann Jimenez, Andreone, Crottini, Hutter, Petzold, Raselimanana, and Glaw, 2026

Spinomantis massi (Glaw and Vences, 1994)

Spinomantis microtis (Guibé, 1973)

Spinomantis mirus Sabino-Pinto, Rakotoarison, Bletz, Edmonds, Glaw, and Vences, 2019

Spinomantis nussbaumi Cramer, Rabibisoa, and Raxworthy, 2008

Spinomantis peraccae (Boulenger, 1896)

Spinomantis phantasticus (Glaw and Vences, 1997)

Spinomantis royae Vences, Scherz, Köhler, Ruthmann Jimenez, Andreone, Crottini, Hutter, Petzold, Raselimanana, and Glaw, 2026

Spinomantis tavaratra Cramer, Rabibisoa, and Raxworthy, 2008

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