Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Megophrys brachykolos Inger and Romer, 1961

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Megophryidae > Subfamily: Megophryinae > Genus: Megophrys > Species: Megophrys brachykolos

Megophrys brachykolos Inger and Romer, 1961, Fieldiana, Zool., 39: 533. Holotype: FMNH 69063, by original designation. Type locality: "The Peak, Hong Kong Island", China.

Megophrys (Megophrys) brachykolos — Dubois, 1980, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 49: 472.

Panophrys brachykolos — Rao and Yang, 1997, Asiat. Herpetol. Res., 7: 98-99. Tentative arrangement.

Megophrys (Xenophrys) brachykolos — Dubois and Ohler, 1998, Dumerilia, 4: 14.

Megophrys minor brachykolos — Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 118. No discussion.

Xenophrys brachykolos — Ohler, 2003, Alytes, 21: 23, by implication; Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2006, Alytes, 24: 17; Chen, Zhou, Poyarkov, Stuart, Brown, Lathrop, Wang, Yuan, Jiang, Hou, Chen, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Duong, Papenfuss, Murphy, Zhang, and Che, 2016, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 106: 41.

Megophrys (Panophrys) brachykolos — Mahony, Foley, Biju, and Teeling, 2017, Mol. Biol. Evol., 34: 755.

Boulenophrys brachykolos — Fei and Ye, 2016, Amph. China, 1: 650.

English Names

Peak Spadefoot Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 86).

Short-legged Horned Toad (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 118).

Short-legged Toad (Karsen, Lau, and Bogadek, 1986, Hong Kong Amph. Rept.: 16; Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 13).

Distribution

Southwestern Hubei to eastern Guizhou, Henan, and south to eastern Guangxi, western and southern Guangdong to Hong Kong; nominally associated allopatric population in northeastern Vietnam (Lang Son and Ha Bac provinces), 20-750 m elevation.

Comment

Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 118-199, provided a brief account (as Megophrys minor brachykolos), map, and figure. Karsen, Lau, and Bogadek, 1986, Hong Kong Amph. Rept.: 16, also provided a brief account. Orlov, Murphy, Ananjeva, Ryabov, and Ho, 2002, Russ. J. Herpetol., 9: 83, provided the Vietnamese part of the range. Jiang, Yuan, Xie, and Zheng, 2003, Zool. Res., Kunming, 24: 241-248, justified the distinction of this taxon from Megophrys minor on the basis of DNA sequence data. In the Megophrys boettgeri group of Fei, Ye, Huang, Jiang, and Xie, 2005, in Fei et al. (eds.), Illust. Key Chinese Amph.: 82. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 444. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 433-438, provided an account for China and spot map that extended the range deep within southern China. Dai, Li, Zheng, Gong, and Liu, 2009, Sichuan J. Zool., 28: 291, provided a record for Hubei, China. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 214, provided an account, photographs, and a range map for China. Fei and Ye, 2016, Amph. China, 1: 653–655, provided an account, photographs, and dot map. as Boulenophrys brachykolos. Shen, 2014, Fauna Hunan, Amph.: 169–171, provided a detailed account for Hunan. China, although the identification of this population needs to be verified. Zhang, 2017, Amph. Rept. Fanjing Mts.: 80–82, provided taxonomic and natural history information for the Fanjing Mountains population in northeastern Guizhou, China.

External links:

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For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.