Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pseudophryne australis (Gray, 1835)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Myobatrachoidea > Family: Myobatrachidae > Genus: Pseudophryne > Species: Pseudophryne australis

Bombinator australis Gray, 1835, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1835: 57. Holotype: Not stated; given as BMNH 1947.2.20.17 (formerly 1936.12.3.132) by Parker, 1940, Novit. Zool., 42: 102, Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger, 1983, Zool. Cat. Aust., Amph. Rept., 1: 25. Type locality: "Swan River . . . . Australia"; Parker, 1940, Novit. Zool., 42: 102, argued that the type locality is in error because the known distribution of this species is in New South Wales, whereas the Swan River is in Western Australia; see also Moore, 1961, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 121: 239. : 51–64, discussed the type locality and suggested that it is actually in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Phryniscus australis — Gray, 1845, in Eyre, J. Exped. Discov. Cent. Aust. 1840–1841, Append.: 407.

Bufonella crucifera Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 424. Syntypes: Not stated; although presumably originally in USNM; not located by Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger, 1983, Zool. Cat. Aust., Amph. Rept., 1: 25. Type locality: "New Holland" = Australia. Synonymy by Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger, 1983, Zool. Cat. Aust., Amph. Rept., 1: 25.

Phryniscus albifrons Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: plate 100 and p. 413. Holotype: Animal figured in original publication, presumably in MNHNP; not found by Cogger, Cameron, and Cogger, 1983, Zool. Cat. Aust., Amph. Rept., 1: 25. Type locality: Not stated. Synonymy by Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 45; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 277, and Shea and Rowley, 2018, Zootaxa, 4407: 61.

Pseudophryne australis — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 45; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 277; Heyer and Liem, 1976, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 233: 12..

Pseudophryne bibroni var. australis — Keferstein, 1868, Arch. Naturgesch., 34: 272. Based on specimens of Pseudophryne coriacea according to Parker, 1940, Novit. Zool., 42: 100.

Buffonella crucigera — Keferstein, 1868, Arch. Naturgesch., 34: 272. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Bufonella crucifera.

English Names

Red-crowned Toadlet (Moore, 1961, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 121: 235; Cogger, 1975, Rept. Amph. Australia: 76; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 95; Barker, Grigg, and Tyler, 1995, Field Guide Aust. Frogs., Ed. 2: 264; Tyler and Knight, 2009, Field Guide Frogs Aust.: 138).

Hawksburgy Toadlet (Moore, 1961, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 121: 235).

Distribution

Sawksbury Sandstone region from the Royal National Park in the south to Gosford and Newcastle in the north, Sydney region of New South Wales, Australia.

Geographics occurrence

Natural resident: Australia

Endemic to the political unit: Australia

Comment

See Moore, 1961, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 121: 235. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 463. See brief account by Tyler and Knight, 2009, Field Guide Frogs Aust.: 138–139. Cutajar, Portway, Gillard, and Rowley, 2022, Tech. Rep. Aust. Mus. Online, 36: 39, provided a polygon distribution map.

External links:

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For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.