Proceratophrys boiei (Wied-Neuwied, 1824)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Odontophrynidae > Genus: Proceratophrys > Species: Proceratophrys boiei

Ceratophrys boiei Wied-Neuwied, 1824, Isis von Oken, 14: 673. Types: Not designated, although presumably including animal figured by Wied-Neuwied, 1829, Abbild. Naturgesch. Brasil., Heft 13: pl. 47, fig. 1–2. Wied-Neuwied, 1825, Beitr. Naturgesch. Brasil., 1: 592, noted 2 specimens, of which RMNH 24109 is considered to be a surviving syntype and this specimen was designated lectotype by Hoogmoed, 1990, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 63: 267–273. Type locality: "Brasilien"; given as "Bahia" and "Rio de Janeiro", Brazil by Wied-Neuwied, 1825, Beitr. Naturgesch. Brasil., 1: 592. Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 25, restricted the type locality to "Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara [now Rio de Janeiro]", Brazil, but this restriction has no nomenclatural status and the lectotype is from Bahia, Brazil.

Stombus bojei — Gravenhorst, 1829, Delic. Mus. Zool. Vratislav., 1: 50; Sturm, 1828, Deutschl. Fauna, Amph.: 309.

Ceratophris granosa Cuvier, 1829, Regne Animal., Ed. 2, 2: 107. Holotype: Not stated; stated to be specimen figured on plate 26, number 2, in Guérin-Méneville, 1838, Icon. Regne Animal, 3, by XXX. By museum records, MNHNP 0.691 is a syntype. Type locality: not stated; given as "l'Amérique méridional" by Guérin-Méneville, 1838, Icon. Regne Animal, 3: 16. Synonymy by Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 204; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 437; Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 24; Steindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 28; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 223.

Rana (Ceratophris) granosa — Guérin-Méneville, 1838, Icon. Regne Animal, 3: 16.

Stombus granosus — Fitzinger, 1861 "1860", Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Phys. Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 42: 415.

Ceratophrys bojei — Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 "1861", Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., Ser. 2, 3: 157. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Ceratophrys dorsata boiei — Gadow, 1901, Amphibia and Reptiles: 215.

Ceratophrys boiei — Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920, Rev. Mus. Paulista, São Paulo, 12: 292.

Stombus boiei — Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920, Rev. Mus. Paulista, São Paulo, 12: 302; Reig and Limeses, 1963, Physis, Buenos Aires, 24: 114.

Stombus boiei — Lutz, 1954, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 52: 227.

Proceratophrys boiei — Lynch, 1971, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 53: 134.

Common Names

Bioe's Frog (Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 89; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 91).

White-faced Horned Frog (Griffith in Cuvier, 1831, Animal Kingdom (Griffith), 9: pl. facing page 395).

Bahia Smooth Horned Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 84).

Distribution

Southeastern São Paulo east to southwestern Minas Gerais, and central Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. See comment. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

  Castro, Guimarães, Carrillo, Santana, and Mângia, 2026, Herpetozoa, Wien, 39: 177–202, revised the species on the basis of comparative morphology and molecular markers (mtDNA), with the redelimitation of Proceratophrys boiei and Proceratophrys intermedia; the result is that the literature of nominal Proceratophrys boiei prior to 2026 needs to be employed with caution. 

See account by Heyer, Rand, Cruz, Peixoto, and Nelson, 1990, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 31: 317–318, where comparative morphology and advertisement call were detailed. Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2001, Anf. Municipio Rio de Janeiro: 87, provided a brief account and photo. Canelas and Bertoluci, 2007, Iheringia, Zool., 97: 21–26, provided a record for the Serra do Caraça, southern end of the Serra do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 23, suggested that Paraguayan records of this species are based on misidentified Proceratophrys avelinoi. See account (as Ceratophrys fryi) by Cochran, 1955 "1954", Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 206: 230–232. See discussion in revision by Prado and Pombal, 2008, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 39: 1–85. Carnaval and Bates, 2007, Evolution, 61: 2942–2957, discussed molecular phylogeography. Pombal, 2010, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 68: 135–144, briefly discussed the advertisement call. Amaro, Rodrigues, Yonenaga-Yassuda, and Carnaval, 2012, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 62: 880–888, also discussed molecular phylogeography, suggested that two morphologically indistinguishable lineages can be detected via molecular markers. Dias, Carvalho-e-Silva, and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2013, Zootaxa, 3683: 427–438, reported on the morphology of the larval chondrocranium. Rodriguez, Börner, Pabijan, Gehara, Haddad, and Vences, 2015, Evol. Ecol., 29: 765–785 (and supplemental data), reported on phylogeographic diversity and its causes. Eterovick, Souza, and Sazima, 2020, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 1–292, provided an account, life history information, and an identification scheme for the Serra de Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Pezzuti, Leite, Rossa-Feres, and Garcia, 2021, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 22 (Special Issue): 1–109, described and discussed larval morphology and natural history. Santos, Feio, and Nomura, 2023, Biota Neotrop., 23 (3:e20231486): 1–43, characterized tadpole morphology as part of an identification key to the tadpoles of the Brazilian Cerrado. Silva, Gazoni, Haddad, and Parise-Maltempi, 2023, Frontiers in Genetics, 14(1101397): 1–12, discussed the genome and satellite DNA content. 

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