Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Proceratophrys schirchi (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Odontophrynidae > Genus: Proceratophrys > Species: Proceratophrys schirchi

Stombus schirchi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937, O Campo, 1937: 24. Syntypes: MNRJ 295 (2 specimens); MNRJ 295A designated lectotype by Miranda-Ribeiro, 1955, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 42: 408. Type locality: "Rio Mutum—Espírito Santo", Brazil.

Stombus precrenulatus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937, O Campo, 1937: 24. Syntypes: Presumably MNRJ, reported as lost by Izecksohn and Peixoto, 1980, Rev. Brasil. Biol., 40: 605, and Caramaschi and Velosa, 1997, Copeia, 1997C: 629. Type locality: Not stated; given as Rio Mutum, Espírito Santo, Brazil by Caramaschi and Velosa, 1997, Copeia, 1997C: 629, who noted that the original types were from the same type locality as Stombus schirchi. Synonymy by Caramaschi and Velosa, 1997, Copeia, 1997: 629–631 (under the Principle of First Revisor).

Ceratophrys schirchi — Gorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 39.

Proceratophrys schirchi — Lynch, 1971, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 53: 134; Izecksohn and Peixoto, 1980, Rev. Brasil. Biol., 40: 608.

Proceratophrys precrenulata — Izecksohn and Peixoto, 1980, Rev. Brasil. Biol., 40: 606.

Common Names

Santo Smooth Horned Frog (Proceratophrys schirchi: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 84).

Brazilian Smooth Horned Frog (Proceratophrys precrenulata [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 84).

Distribution

Southeastern Bahia, Espírito Santo, northeastern Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

See Izecksohn and Peixoto, 1980, Rev. Brasil. Biol., 40: 605–609 (as Proceratophrys precrenulatus). Feio and Caramaschi, 2002, Phyllomedusa, 1: 105–111, reported the species for Minas Gerais, Brazil. Juncá, 2006, Biota Neotrop., 6: 1–17, briefly summarized the presence of this species (as Proceratophrys precrenulata) in the Serra da Jibóia region, Bahia, Brazil, and its habitat. Nascimento, Abreu, Menezes, Trevisan, Solé, Juncá, and Napoli, 2019, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 14: 24–36, reported on the advertisement call. Sichieri, Cruz, and Pimenta, 2021, Zootaxa, 4975: 397–400, described the advertisement call.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist