Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Chalcorana chalconota (Schlegel, 1837)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Chalcorana > Species: Chalcorana chalconota

Hyla chalconotus Schlegel, 1837, Abbild. Neuer Unvollst. Amph., 1: 23. Schlegel, 1840, Abbild. Neuer Unvollst. Amph., Atlas: pl. 9, fig. 1. Type(s): Not stated, but animal figured in plate 9, fig. 1 is clearly one of these; including RMNH 5364 and 4264 (4 specimens), according to Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 156, and Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 43; ZMB 4462 (2 specimens from Java), according to Bauer, 2016, in Das and Tuen (eds.), Nat. Explor. Field Sci. SE Asia Australasia: 93; BMNH specimen received on exchange from RMNH should be evaluated as to its possible status as a primary type (DRF). Type localities: "Innern der Insel Java" (figured specimens) and "Sumatra", Indonesia.

Polypedates chalconotus — Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 34, 76.

Limnodytes chalconotus — Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 513; Peters and Doria, 1878, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 13: 420.

Polypedates junghunii Bleeker, 1856, Natuurkd. Tijdschr. Nederl. Indie, 11: 469. Syntypes: Including RMNH 3962 according to Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 53. Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 155: 130, reported RMNH 4264 and 5364 as likely types. Type locality: "Java". Synonymy by Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 201; Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 217; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 366. See Wolf, 1936, Bull. Raffles Mus., 12: 178, for discussion of the status of this name who associated it with Polypedates leucomystax. Considered a nomen dubium by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 73.

Hylarana chalconota — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 73; Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 423.

Rana chalconota — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 66.

Rana (Hylorana) chalconota — Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 127, 201.

Rana (Hylarana) chalconota — Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 217; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 366; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 42; by implication.

Hylorana chalconota — Deckert, 1938, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1938: 144.

Rana chalconota chalconota — Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 177, by implication.

Rana (Chalcorana) chalconota — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 328.

Hydrophylax chalconota — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 368.

Hylarana chalconota — Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1-13, by implication.

Chalcorana chalconota — Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 32. See comment under Ranidae record.

Chalcorana chalconota — Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 187.

English Names

Schlegel's Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 106).

White-lipped Frog (Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 30; Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 66).

Copper-cheeked Frog (Kiew, 1987, Malayan Nat. J., 41: 417; Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 30; Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 66; Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 65).

Brown Stream Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 118).

Distribution

Known definitely only from Java and southern Sumatra, Indonesia (see comment), although likely to be somewhat more widely distributed; possibly Bali. See comment regarding Myanmar.

Comment

Confused in the literature with Hylarana raniceps. See comment under Hylarana raniceps. See accounts by Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 66-67. Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 30-31, provide a brief account and photograph. Stuart, Inger, and Voris, 2006, Biol. Lett., 2: 470-474, noted that on the basis of molecular data, this nominal species is likely composed of several cryptic species. McKay, 2006, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Bali: 38-39, provided a brief account and photograph. Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 155: 123-147, provided a revised diagnosis and redelimited the species' range. Wogan, Vindum, Wilkinson, Koo, Slowinski, Win, Thin, Kyi, Oo, Lwin, and Shein, 2008, Hamadryad, 33: 86, provided a record for Tanintharyi Division, peninsular Myanmar, but its isolation from other records requires caution in assuming this range among so many similar species. Busta and Roesma, 2018, IOSr J. Pharm. Biol. Sci., 13 : 1–4, discussed used of PCR for identification from related cryptic species. See brief account by Amin, 2020, Frogs of East Java: 26–28.

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