Hylarana tytleri Theobald, 1868

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Hylarana > Species: Hylarana tytleri

Hylorana tytleri Theobald, 1868, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 37: 84. Holotype: ZSIC, by original designation; this being ZSIC 10035, according to Sclater, 1892, List Batr. Indian Mus.: 10. Type locality: "Dacca" (= Dhaka), Bangladesh.

Rana tytleri — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 65.

Lymnodytes tytleri — Mason, 1882, Burma, Ed. 3: 290.

Rana (Hylorana) tytleri —Boulenger In Mason, 1882, Burma, Ed. 3: 499.

Rana (Limnodytes) tytleri — Bourret, 1927, Fauna Indochine, Vert., 3: 264.

Rana (Rana) bilineata Pillai and Chanda, 1981, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 79: 159. Holotype: ZSIC A9096 (formerly ZSI-ERS 914) according to Chanda, Das, and Dubois, 2001 "2000", Hamadryad, 25: 108. Type locality: "Dianadubi forest, Garo Hills (alt. about 400 metres) . . ., about one kilometre from the Ranger's office", Assam, India. Primary homonym of Rana bilineata Shaw, 1802. Synonymy with Rana taipehensis by Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 341. Synonymy with Hylarana tytleri by Mahony, Hasan, Kabir, Ahmed, and Hossain, 2009, Hamadryad, 34: 82; by implication of specimen identifications by Ohler and Mallick, 2003 "2002", Hamadryad, 27: 63.

Rana (Hylarana) albolineata Dubois, 1987 "1985", Alytes, 4: 153. Replacement name for Rana bilineata Pillai and Chanda, 1981.

Rana (Hylarana) tytleri — Ohler and Mallick, 2003 "2002", Hamadryad, 27: 63.

Hylarana tytleri — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 237, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 369; Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 3; by implication.

Hylarana albolineata — Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 32. Undiscussed change.

Hylarana (Hylarana) tytleri — Wu, Xu, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Murphy, Papenfuss, Lathrop, Kilunda, Gao, Yuan, Chen, Zhang, Zhao, Wang, Rahman, Nneji, Zhao, Wang, Jin, Zhang, and Che, 2024 "2025", Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 108223: 1–11, by implication.

Common Names

Theobald's Ranid Frog (Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 85).

Yellow-striped Frog (Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 107 [as Rana erythraea]; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 80).

Leaf Frog (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 66 [as Rana erythraea]).

Leaping Frog (Shrestha, 2001, Herpetol. Nepal: 83 [as Rana erythraea).

Yellow-striped Copper-back Frog (Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 38); Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 10).

Distribution

Bangladesh (Sherpur, Natore, Dinajpur, Nilphamari, Thakurgaon, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Mymenisngh, Narsingdi, Barguna, Chapai Nawabganj, Moulvibazar, and Panchagarh districts); India (minimally Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal, but possibly into Mizoram, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh [see comment]), Myanmar (Bago), eastern Nepal and Bhutan, at lower elevations. Southwestern and southern Myanmar.  

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal

Comment

All literature for this nominal species prior to the appearance of Hasan, Lai, Poyarkov, Ohler, Oliver, Kakehashi, Kurabayashi, and Sumida, 2019, Alytes, 37: 1–30, needs to be used with caution; these authors reported on advertisement call as well as morphological and mtDNA geographic variation, for purposes of accurate identification, particularly with reference to nominal Hylarana erythraea and Hylarana taipehensis, with which Hylarana tytleri has been confused. These authors reassigned literature of "Hyla taipehensis" from Myanmar, India, Bangladesh, and Bhutan to Hylarana tytleri. Removed from the synonymy of Rana erythraea by Ohler and Mallick, 2003 "2002", Hamadryad, 27: 62, where it had been placed by Stoliczka, 1870, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 39: 148; Sclater, 1892, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1892: 345; Sclater, 1892, List Batr. Indian Mus.: 10; and Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 152. Without discussion considered a synonym of Rana chalconota by Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 67. Ao, Bordoloi, and Ohler, 2003, Zoos' Print J., 18: 1117–1125, provided a specific locality for Nagaland, northeastern India. Sarkar, Biswas, and Ray, 1992, State Fauna Ser., 3: 81–82, provided a brief account (as Rana erythraea) for West Bengal, India, and Sarkar and Ray, 2006, In Alfred (ed.), Fauna of Arunachal Pradesh, Part 1: 296–297, provided a brief report (as Rana erythraea) for Arunachal Pradesh. Dutta, 1992, Hamadryad, 17: 2, regarded all Indian records as representing Rana taipehensis, but Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 157–158, provided range of nominal Hylarana erythraea in India, systematic comments, and partial taxonomic bibliography.  Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 85, provided a brief characterization and photograph. Das and Dutta, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 154–181, noted several larval descriptions in the literature. Mahony, Hasan, Kabir, Ahmed, and Hossain, 2009, Hamadryad, 34: 80–94, provided discussion of the synonymy of Rana blineata Pillai and Chanda, 1981, and who noted that the holotype of Rana tytleri is badly decomposed. See Shah and Tiwari, 2004, Herpetofauna Nepal: 72, for brief account (as Rana tytleri). See comments by Hasan, Islam, Khan, Alam, Kurabayashi, Igawa, Kuramoto, and Sumida, 2012, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 29: 162–172, regarding the possibility of cryptic species in Bangladesh. Sarker and Howlader, 2012, Herpetol. Rev., 43: 298, provided a record for Niphamari District, Bangladesh. Selim, Diti, and Sarkar, 2013, Herpetol. Rev., 44: 621, provided a record for Dinajpur District, Bangladesh. Rana and Musa, 2016, Herpetol. Rev., 47: 248, reported the species from Narayangani District, Dhaka Divisino, Bangladesh, and briefly characterized the known range in Bangladesh. Hasan, Lai, Poyarkov, Ohler, Oliver, Kakehashi, Kurabayashi, and Sumida, 2019, Alytes, 37: 1–30, reported on morphological and mtDNA geographic variation, for purposes of accurate identification, particularly with reference to nominal Hylarana erythraea, and Hylarana taipehensis, with which it has been confused. Choudhury, Hussain, Buruah, Saikia, and Sengupta, 2002, Hamadryad, 26: 279, commented on the range (as Hylarana taipehensis) in Assam, India. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 90–93, provided a brief account (as Hylarana taipehensis) for the Indian population. Anders, 2002, in Schleich and Kästle (eds.), Amph. Rept. Nepal: 299–300, provided an account (as Hylarana taipehensis) for the Nepal population. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 107, provided a brief account as Rana erythraea, seemingly not addressing the taxonomic comment by Dutta, 1992. See brief account by Shrestha, 2001, Herpetol. Nepal: 83–84 (as Hylarana taipehensis).  Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 163, provided a range, systematic comments, and partial taxonomic bibliography (as Hylarana taipehensis). Ahmed, Das, and Dutta, 2009, Amph. Rept. NE India: 43, provided a brief account (as Hylarana taipehensis) for northeastern India. Wogan, Vindum, Wilkinson, Koo, Slowinski, Win, Thin, Kyi, Oo, Lwin, and Shein, 2008, Hamadryad, 33: 87, provided lowland records (as Hylarana taipehensis) throughout Myanmar. Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 84, provided (as Hylarana taipehensis) a brief characterization and photograph. Wangyal, 2013, J. Threatened Taxa, 5: 4777, provided (as Hylarana taipehensis) a record for Samdrup-jongkhar District, Bhutan. See comments by Hakim, Trageser, Ghose, Das, Rashid, and Rahman, 2020, Check List, 16: 1239–1268, who reported the species from Lawachara National Park, Sylhet Division, northeastern Bangladesh. Not mentioned by Khatiwada, Wang, Zhao, Xie, and Jiang, 2021, Asian Herpetol. Res., 12: 1–35, in their report on Nepal amphibians, a curious oversight. Gayen, Dey, and Roy, 2021, Zoos' Print J., 36: 33–39, reported a record from Durgapur Subdivision, West Bengal, India. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 38, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar. Rabbe, Jaman, Alam, Rahman, and Sarker, 2022, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 16: 226–234, provided records for northwestern Bangladesh. Laurence, Nicolas, Ayoro, and Ohler, 2023, Zootaxa, 5258: 99–112, provided a dot map and discussed distribution modelling and the effect of misidentifications on those models.

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