Odorrana chloronota (Günther, 1876)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Odorrana > Species: Odorrana chloronota

Polypedates chloronotus Günther, 1876 "1875", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875: 569. Syntypes: BMNH (10 specimens); according to Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003, Am. Mus. Novit., 3417: 17, including BMNH 1947.2.28.4 (in error, actually 1947.2.28.6, according to R. Bain, personal commun.), 1947.2.28.6 (in error, actually 1947.2.28.10, according to R. Bain, personal commun.), and 1047.2.28.12 (from Darjeeling). Type locality: "Darjeeling", India.

Rana chloronota — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 29.

Hylorana chloronota — Deckert, 1938, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1938: 144.

Rana (Odorrana) chloronota — Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003, Am. Mus. Novit., 3417: 17.

Odorrana chloronota — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 239; Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1-13; by implication; Stuart, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 46: 54.

Huia chloronota — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 368.

Odorrana zhaoi Li, Lu, and Rao, 2008, Acta Zootaxon. Sinica, 33: 538. Holotype: SYNU 04II6222, by original designation. Type locality: "Yarang, Mêdog County, Tibet (Xizang Autonomous Region) at 767 m". Synonymy by Che, Jiang, Yan, and Zhang, 2020, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 238. 

Rana rotodora Yang and Rao In Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 79. Holotype: Number 03199, no museum of deposit noted (presumably KIZ), by original designation. Type locality: Ruili, Yunnan, China, 600 m elevation. Synonymy by Liu, Hou, and Hui, 2022, J. Anim. Diversity, 4(4): 1. 

Odorrana rotadora — Frost, 2009, Amph. Spec. World, vers. 5.3. Recommended combination due to the prior recognition of the Rana livida group as members of Odorrana; Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 387. 

Common Names

Chloronate Huia Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 82; Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 352).

Copper-cheeked Frog (Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 86).

Green Cascade Frog (Vassilieva, Galoyan, Poyarkov, and Geissler, 2016, Photograph. Field Guide Amph. Rept. Lowland S. Vietnam: 108). 

Medog Odorous Frog (Odorrana zhaoi [no longer recognized]: Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 36).

Green Odorous Frog (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 49). 

Assam Rock Frog (Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 352).

Copper-cheeked Stinky Frog (Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 38).

Round-spotted Odorous Frog (Odorrana rotodora [no longer recognized]: Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 387). 

Chloronota Golden-cheeked Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 11).

Distribution

Forest montane river cascade systems throughout Southeast Asia from Darjeeling region of northeastern Bangladesh, and West Bengal and mountains of northeastern India (Assam, Meghalaya, and Mizoram) and Sikkim through Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Rakhine, and Sagaing, Shan) and Thailand (Chiang Mai, Phayao, Nan, Prachuap Kirikhan, Surat Thani, and Krabi provinces) to southeastern Tibet and western Yunna, China; records from Vietnam (Bac Kan, Lang Son, Vinh Phuc, Lai Chau, Quang Ninh, and Lam Dong provinces) likely represent unnamed species; possibly into Bangladesh and Nepal. See comment. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Bangladesh, China, People's Republic of, India, Myanmar, Thailand

Likely/Controversially Present: Laos, Vietnam

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Rana livida by Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003, Am. Mus. Novit., 3417: 17, where it had been placed by Boulenger, 1887, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, Ser. 2, 5: 484; Boulenger, 1890, Fauna Brit. India, Rept. Batr.: 462; Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 214; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 371 (with Polypedates smaragdinus by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 69). See account by Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003, Am. Mus. Novit., 3417: 17-24. See comments under Rana livida for references to this species as Rana livida. Bain and Nguyen, 2004, Am. Mus. Novit., 3453: 12, provided the record for Ha Giang Province, Vietnam. Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 29, provided specific localities (as Rana livida) for Vietnam. Stuart, Inger, and Voris, 2006, Biol. Lett., 2: 470-474, provided molecular data and suggested on this basis that nominal Odorrana chloronota represents several unnamed species, of which his Thailand populations represented at least two. Lalremsanga, Sailo, and Hooroo, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 359, provided a record for Mizoram, northeastern India. Das and Dutta, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 154–181, noted several larval descriptions in the literature. Wogan, Vindum, Wilkinson, Koo, Slowinski, Win, Thin, Kyi, Oo, Lwin, and Shein, 2008, Hamadryad, 33: 87, provided records from Bago Division, Kachin State, Rakhine State, Sagaing Division, Shan State, and Tanintharyi Division, Myanmar. Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 86, provided a brief characterization and a photograph. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 143, detailed the range in Thailand. See account (as Odorrana cf. chloronota), photograph, and map for Vietnam in Vassilieva, Galoyan, Poyarkov, and Geissler, 2016, Photograph. Field Guide Amph. Rept. Lowland S. Vietnam: 108–109, who noted that this is likely a species complex within Vietnam.  Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 36-37, provided an account (as Odorrana zhaoi) for Tibet, China. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 400-401, provided an account (as Odorrana zhaoi), photographs, and a range map.  Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 387, provided an account (as Rana rotodora), photographs, and a range map.  Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 352–353, provided a brief account (description, photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai). Chen, Li, Zhai, Zhu, He, Wang, Li, Jiang, Xiong, and Chen, 2020, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 144 (106701): 1–15, provided molecular evidence to place Odorrana zhaoi and Odorrana rotodora in a group with Odorrana graminea, Odorrana hosii, and Odorrana rotodora. Che, Jiang, Yan, and Zhang, 2020, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 238–243, provided a detailed account for Tibet, China. Pham, Do, Ngo, Tran, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2020, Check List, 16: 1025–1041, provided a record from Hai Ha District, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, on the Guangxi, China, border. Makchai, Chuaynkern, Safoowong, Chuachat, and Cota, 2020, Amph. N. Thailand: 141, provided a brief account, photographs, and a range map for Thailand. Luong, Pham, Do, Hoang, Phan, Nguyen, Ziegler, and Le, 2021, Check List, 17: 445–458, provided records from Lai Chau Province, Vietnam, and discussed the range. Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 49, implied that this is a species complex. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 38, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar. Ziegler, Ong, Hoang, Pham, and Nguyen, 2022, Acad. J. Biol., 44: 114, referred their earlier record of Rana livida (Ziegler, 2002, Amph. Rept. Tieflandfeuchtwald–Schutzgebietes Vietnam: 1–342) from Ke Go Nature Reserve, Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam, to Odorrana chloronota. Liu, Hou, and Hui, 2022, J. Anim. Diversity, 4(4): 1–11, discussed the distribution of mtDNA matrilines and the species range, and restricted Odorrana chloronota in China to western Yunnan, with other populations in Laos and Vietnam being unnamed lineages.  

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