Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pulchrana grandocula (Taylor, 1920)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Pulchrana > Species: Pulchrana grandocula

Rana grandocula Taylor, 1920, Philipp. J. Sci., 16: 274. Holotype: EHT 334, by original designation; now CM 3501, according to McCoy and Richmond, 1966, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 38: 248. Type locality: "near Bunawan, Agusan [Province], Mindanao", Philippines.

Rana philippinensis Taylor, 1920, Philipp. J. Sci., 16: 266. Holotype: EHT 662, by original designation; now CM 3306, according to McCoy and Richmond, 1966, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 38: 249; holotype recatalogued as CM 84523 according to S. Roger (pers. comm.). Type locality: "Mindanao", Philippines. Synonymy (with Rana signata grandocula) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 312-322.

Rana yakani Taylor, 1922, Philipp. J. Sci., 21: 262. Holotype: EHT 1545, by original designation; now CAS 60135 according to Slevin and Leviton, 1956, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 28: 537. Type locality: "Abungabung, Basilan", Philippines. Synonymy (with Rana signata grandocula) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 312-322.

Rana signata grandocula — Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 322.

Rana (Pulchrana) grandocula — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326. without discussion.

Rana grandocula — Inger and Tan, 1996, Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 564. Brown and Guttman, 2002, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 76: 422.

Pulchrana grandocula — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 369. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 33; Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 190.

Hylarana grandocula — Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1-13, by implication.

English Names

Big-eyed Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 107).

Distribution

Islands of Mindanao, Basilan, Biliran, Bohol, Samar, Leyte, Camiguin, Dinagat, and possibly other islands connected to Mindanao in the Pleistocene, possibly into the Sulu Archipelago, Philippines.

Comment

In the Section Hylarana, subsection Hydrophylax, subgenus Pulchrana of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326. Removed from the synonymy of Rana signata by Inger and Tan, 1996, Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 564., where it had been placed (as Rana signata grandocula) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 312-322. Synonymy rejected by Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326, and Inger and Tan, 1996, Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 564. See discussion and account by Brown and Guttman, 2002, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 76: 393-461, who provided molecular evidence that populations from Mindanao are more closely related to Pulchrana similis than to populations of nominal Pulchrana grandocula on Samar, Leyte, Dinagat, and Bohol, Philippines, suggesting that the latter cluster may represent one or more unnamed species. See brief notes for Mindanao, Philippines, by Sanguila, Cobb, Siler, Diesmos, Alcala, and Brown, 2016, ZooKeys, 624: 41–42.

External links:

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For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.