Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Indirana leithii (Boulenger, 1888)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranixalidae > Genus: Indirana > Species: Indirana leithii

Rana leithii Boulenger, 1888, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 2: 506. Holotype: BMNH, by original designation; given as BMNH 1869.8.28.50, by Modak, Padhye, and Dahanukar, 2014, Zootaxa, 3796: 73. Type locality: "Matheran, Bombay [= Mumbai]", India.

Rana (Discodeles) leithii — Boulenger, 1918, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 1: 238.

Indirana leithii — Laurent, 1986, in Grassé and Delsol (eds.), Traite de Zool., 14: 761.

Ranixalus leithii — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 69.

Indirana leithii — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 175-176, by implication.

Rana (Discodeles) leithii — Daniel and Sekar, 1989, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 86: 194.

English Names

Matheran Indian Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 99; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 85).

Leith's Frog (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 64).

Boulenger's Brown Frog (Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 119).

Leith's Leaping Frog (Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 197).

Matherana Leaping Frog (Garg and Biju, 2016, PLoS One, 11(11:e0166326): 18; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 11).

Distribution

Endemic to the northern Western Ghats in extreme southern Gujarat and Maharashtra, north of the Goa Gap, between latitudes 16°N and 21°N in India.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: India

Endemic: India

Comment

See account by Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 116; and record by Daniel and Shull, 1964 "1963", J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 60: 743. Biju, 2001, Occas. Publ. Indian Soc. Conserv. Biol., 1: 15, noted that the range of the species does not include the type locality. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 119-120, provided a brief account (as Rana leithii). Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 123, provided range and a taxonomic bibliography. Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 197-199, provided an account. Das and Dutta, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 154–181, noted several larval descriptions in the literature of varying completeness. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 480. A very brief characterization, photograph, and dot map for the Western Ghats provided by Subramanian, Dinesh, and Radhakrishnan, 2013, Atlas of Endemic Amph. W. Ghats: 109. Modak, Padhye, and Dahanukar, 2014, Zootaxa, 3796: 62-80, reported on the molecular phylogeography of the species and suggested that Indirana leithii is composed of at least two species, the northern one that retains the name, and a southern population that remains unnamed. These authors also corrected a substantial number of misidentifications in the literature and revised the range. See account by Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016, J. Threatened Taxa, 8: 9246–9251, who placed this in their Indirana leithii group. See brief account by Garg and Biju, 2016, PLoS One, 11(11:e0166326): 18. Modak, Chunekar, and Padhye, 2018, J. Nat. Hist., London, 52: 27–28, reported on life history. Parmar, 2018, IRCF Rept. & Amph., 25: 57–59, provided a record from Dhulda Village, Dangs District, Gujarat, India. Sreekumar and Dinesh, 2020, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 120: 33–40, discussed the range in Maharashtra, India, in terms of agro-climatic zones.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.