Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Amphiuma tridactylum Cuvier, 1827

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Amphiumidae > Genus: Amphiuma > Species: Amphiuma tridactylum

Syren quadrapeda Custis In Freeman and Custis, 1807, Account Red River Louisiana: 23. Types: Not stated or known to exist. Type locality: "Twenty one miles below Natchitoches [along the Red River in Louisiana] . . . in a pond near the River", USA. Suppressed for Purposes of Priority, but not Principle of Homonymy by Opinion 1733, Anonymous, 1993, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 50: 183.

Siren quadrupes — Barton In Jarocki, 1822, Zool. Universal List Animals, 3: XXX.

Amphiuma tridactylum Cuvier, 1827, Mem. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, 14: 7. Type(s): MNHNP 7821 considered in error the holotype by Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 6; this specimen considered one of the syntypes by Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 78. Type locality: "Nouvelle-Orleans" = New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

Muraenopsis tridactyla — Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 34.

Amphiuma tridactyla — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 82.

Amphiuma means tridactylum — Goin, 1938, Herpetologica, 1: 128; Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 54; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 28.

Amphiuma tridactylum — Baker, 1947, J. Tennessee Acad. Sci., 22: 12; Hill, 1954, Tulane Stud. Zool., 1: 214.

Common Names

Three Toes Congo Snake (Gray, 1831, in Cuvier, Animal Kingdom (Griffith), 9—Appendix: 109).

Three-toed Congo Snake (Wood, 1863, Illust. Nat. Hist., 3: 186; Löding, 1922, Mus. Pap. Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., 5: 9)).

Four-footed Siren (Gray, 1831, in Cuvier, Animal Kingdom (Griffith), 9—Appendix: 109).

Three-fingered Siren (Yarrow, 1882, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 24: 20).

Lamp Eel (Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 28).

Lamper Eel (Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 28).

Three-toed Congo Eel (Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 54; Carr, 1940, Univ. Florida Biol. Sci. Ser., 3: 44; Viosca, 1949, Pop. Sci. Bull., Louisiana Acad. Sci., 1: 9).

Three-toed Amphiuma (Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 54; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 28; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 173; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 246; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 4; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 5; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 19; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 14; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 10; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 24; Powell, Conant, and Collins, 2016, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. North Am., 4th ed.: 38; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 23).

Three-toed Salamander (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 27).

Distribution

Southeastern Missouri and adjacent Kentucky and southwestern Indiana south in the Mississippi embayment to western Alabama, all of Louisiana, southwestern Oklahoma, and eastern Texas, USA.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: United States of America, United States of America - Alabama, United States of America - Arkansas, United States of America - Indiana, United States of America - Kentucky, United States of America - Louisiana, United States of America - Mississippi, United States of America - Missouri, United States of America - Oklahoma, United States of America - Tennessee, United States of America - Texas

Endemic: United States of America

Comment

See detailed accounts by Salthe, 1973, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 149: 1–3, Petranka, 1998, Salamand. U.S. Canada: 136–138, and Boundy, 2005, in Lannoo (ed.), Amph. Declines: 646–648. See discussion of nomenclature by Dundee, 1989, Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 25: 80–84. Lacki, Hummer, and Fitzgerald, 2001, Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci., 110: 111–113, noted a record for Indiana. Birkhead, Johnson, Boback, and Boback, 2004, Herpetol. Rev., 35: 279, provided a record for southern Alabama. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 228, provided a brief account, photograph, and map. Altig and McDiarmid, 2015, Handb. Larval Amph. US and Canada: 98–99, provided an account of larval morphology. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 499–500, provided an account, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map). Bassett, 2023, Reptiles & Amphibians, 30(e18486): 1–18, provided an updated county distribution map for Texas, USA.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.