Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Batrachuperus karlschmidti Liu, 1950

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Hynobiidae > Subfamily: Hynobiinae > Genus: Batrachuperus > Species: Batrachuperus karlschmidti

Batrachuperus karlschmidti Liu, 1950, Fieldiana, Zool. Mem., 2: 87. Holotype: FMNH 49379, by original designation. Type locality: "Chiala [= Jiana] (11,000 feet altitude), Luhohsien [= Luhuo County], Sikang [=Sichuan Province]", China.

Batrachuperus (Batrachuperus) karlschmidti — Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 60.

Common Names

Chiala Mountain Salamander (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 28; Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 10).

Schmidt's Stream Salamander (Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 60).

Distribution

Northern Sichuan (Baiyu, Kangding, Litang, Luhou, Rangtang, Seda, Xilong, Xinduqiao, Yajiang, and Yongning Counties), northeastern Tibet, and southeastern Gansu, China, 1500–4250 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of

Endemic: China, People's Republic of

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Batrachuperus pinchonii by Fei, Ye, and Tian, 1983, Acta Zootaxon. Sinica, 8: 212. The status of this taxon was subsequently controversial, passing in and out of synonymy with Batrachuperus tibetanus (synonymy by Fei, Ye, and Tian, 1983, Acta Zootaxon. Sinica, 8: 209-219; resurrected by Zhao and Jiang, 1988, in Zhao et al. (eds.), Studies on Chinese Salamanders: 50; resurrection reaffirmed by Zhao, 1990, in Zhao (ed.), From Water onto Land: 217-220, but rejected by Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 60; distinctiveness finally confirmed by Chen, Jiang, and Qu, 2004, Acta Zootaxon. Sinica, 29: 464-469, and Fu, Wang, Zeng, Liu, and Zheng, 2001, Copeia, 2001: 1100-1107, who noted several undescribed species in the Batrachuperus tibetanus complex. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2006, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 1: 233, continued to regard Batrachuperus karlschmidti as a junior synonym of Batrachuperus tibetanus. Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 111-114, and Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 61, provided accounts. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 547. Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 10-11, provided an account for Xizang, China. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 78–79, provided a brief account, photo, and map. Fei and Ye, 2016, Amph. China, 1: 249, without explanation considered this species to be a synonym of Batrachuperus tibetanus. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 39–41, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Liu, Xiong, Gou, and Gao, 2020, Asian Herpetol. Res., 11: 194–204, reported on geographic variation in skull morphometry among four populations. Xiong, Luo, and Zeng, 2020, Zool. Res., Kunming, 41: 589–594, provided a seemingly partial map of the species distribution. See account for Tibet by Che, Jiang, Yan, and Zhang, 2020, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 57–61. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 60, provided an account, covering systematics, life history, and distribution (including a polygon map). Tighe, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 654: 17, briefly discussed the type series.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.