Hylarana grandocula (Taylor, 1920)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Hylarana > Species: Hylarana grandocula

Rana grandocula Taylor, 1920, Philipp. J. Sci., 16: 274. Holotype: EHT 334, by original designation; now CM 3501, according to McCoy and Richmond, 1966, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 38: 248. Type locality: "near Bunawan, Agusan [Province], Mindanao", Philippines.

Rana philippinensis Taylor, 1920, Philipp. J. Sci., 16: 266. Holotype: EHT 662, by original designation; now CM 3306, according to McCoy and Richmond, 1966, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 38: 249; holotype recatalogued as CM 84523 according to S. Roger (pers. comm.). Type locality: "Mindanao", Philippines. Synonymy (with Rana signata grandocula) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 312-322.

Rana yakani Taylor, 1922, Philipp. J. Sci., 21: 262. Holotype: EHT 1545, by original designation; now CAS 60135 according to Slevin and Leviton, 1956, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 28: 537. Type locality: "Abungabung, Basilan", Philippines. Synonymy (with Rana signata grandocula) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 312-322.

Rana signata grandocula — Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 322.

Rana (Pulchrana) grandocula — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326. without discussion.

Rana grandocula — Inger and Tan, 1996, Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 564. Brown and Guttman, 2002, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 76: 422.

Pulchrana grandocula — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 369. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 33; Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 190. 

Hylarana grandocula — Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1-13, by implication; Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 423. 

Hylarana (Pulchrana) grandocula — Wu, Xu, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Murphy, Papenfuss, Lathrop, Kilunda, Gao, Yuan, Chen, Zhang, Zhao, Wang, Rahman, Nneji, Zhao, Wang, Jin, Zhang, and Che, 2024 "2025", Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 108223: 1–11, by implication.

Common Names

Mindanao Striped Stream Frog (Diesmos, del Prado, Kim, Caguimbal, Venturina, Lorenzo, and Diesmos, 2026, ZooKeys, 1269: 309).

Big-eyed Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 107).

Distribution

Philippine islands of Basilan, Biliran, Bohol, Camiguin Sur, Dinagat, Leyte, Mindanao, Samar, and possibly other islands connected to Mindanao in the Pleistocene, possibly into the Sulu Archipelago, Philippines.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Philippines

Endemic: Philippines

Comment

In the Section Hylarana, subsection Hydrophylax, subgenus Pulchrana of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326. Removed from the synonymy of Rana signata by Inger and Tan, 1996, Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 564., where it had been placed (as Rana signata grandocula) by Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 312-322. Synonymy rejected by Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326, and Inger and Tan, 1996, Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 564. See discussion and account by Brown and Guttman, 2002, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 76: 393-461, who reported on morphometrics, advertisement call, biochemical systematics, and biogeography. and who provided molecular evidence that populations from Mindanao are more closely related to Pulchrana similis than to populations of nominal Pulchrana grandocula on Samar, Leyte, Dinagat, and Bohol, Philippines, suggesting that the latter cluster may represent one or more unnamed species. See brief notes for Mindanao, Philippines, by Sanguila, Cobb, Siler, Diesmos, Alcala, and Brown, 2016, ZooKeys, 624: 41–42. See comments by Baron, Marin, Logramonte, and Mohagan, 2021, Asian Herpetol. Res., 12: 76–87. Venturina, Diesmos, Maglangit, del Prado, Ordas, Fernandez, Dans, Warguez, and Diesmos, 2023, Philipp. J. Sci., 152: 2031–2048, reported on the presence in central Mindanao, Philippines. Rosales, Yu, and Nanual, 2023, Davao Res. J., 14: 50–65, reported on distribution and habitat with special reference to the Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary and surrounding areas of Mindanao. Flores, Mondejar, Caballero, Maceda, Olowa, and Nuñeza, 2025, Biodiversitas, 26: 3769–3780, discussed (as Pulchrana grandocula) the habitat in Mount Gutom Protected Landscape on Zamboanga del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines. Plaza, Seronay, Ruales, Bantilan, Abucayon, Naling, and Gamalinda, 2025, Asian Herpetol. Res., 16: 331–359, reported the species (as Pulchrana grandocula) from Tinuy-an Falls Protected Landscape, southeastern Mindanao, Philippines. Diesmos, del Prado, Kim, Caguimbal, Venturina, Lorenzo, and Diesmos, 2026, ZooKeys, 1269: 303–328, discussed the range on Samar I., Philippines. Sanguila, Labaja, Bernstein, and Brown, 2026, ZooKeys, 1272: 203–251, reported the species from the Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, eastern Mindanao I., Philippines. Baguio and Nuñeza, 2026, Internatl. J. Multidiscipl. Res., 8: 1–19, discussed habitat preference in the Mt. Sumagaya Range, Misamis Oriental, Mindanao, Philippines.  

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