Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Phyllonastes lochites (Lynch, 1976)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Craugastoridae > Subfamily: Holoadeninae > Genus: Phyllonastes > Species: Phyllonastes lochites

Euparkerella lochites Lynch, 1976, Herpetologica, 32: 49. Holotype: KU 147070, by original designation. Type locality: "the Río Piuntza locality on the northern end of the Cordillera del Condor, Morona-Santiago, Prov., Ecuador, 1550 m (approximately 3° 15′ S, 78° 20′ W)".

Phyllonastes lochites — Heyer, 1977, Pap. Avulsos Zool., São Paulo, 31: 152; Lynch, 1986, J. Herpetol., 20: 426; von May, Diaz, Ttito, Santa-Cruz Farfan, and Catenazzi, 2024, Diversity, 16 (613): 8.

Noblella lochites — De la Riva, Chaparro Auza, and Padial, 2008, Zootaxa, 1685: 68.

Common Names

Imprisoned Litter Frog (Noblella lochistes: Coloma and Duellman, 2025, Amph. Ecuador. Vol. 3: xxxii).

Cutín Hojarasquero Preso (Noblella lochistes: Coloma and Duellman, 2025, Amph. Ecuador. Vol. 3: xxxii).

Ecuador Leaf Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 83).

Distribution

Likely restricted to the type locality (Río Piuntza locality on the northern end of the Cordillera del Condor, Morona-Santiago, Prov., Ecuador, 1550 m (approximately 3° 15′ S, 78° 20′ W), but see comment.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Ecuador

Endemic: Ecuador

Comment

See Duellman and Lynch, 1988, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 140: 125–142. See Duellman and Wild, 1993, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 157: 1–53, for discussion of distribution. Cisneros-Heredia and Reynolds, 2007, Herpetozoa, Wien, 19: 184–186, provided a record for the Peruvian part of the Cordillera del Cóndor, although Duellman and Lehr, 2009, Terrest.-breeding Frogs in Peru: 94–95, disputed the identification, although they suggested that the species was likely to be found in that part of Peru. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status (as Phyllonastes lochites) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 623. Harvey, Almendáriz C., Brito-M., and Batallas-Revelo, 2013, Zootaxa, 3635: 1–14, provided an account of the species along with photographs (but see comment below). Batallas-Revelo and Brito-M., 2014, Avanc. Cienc. Ingen., Quito, Secc. B,, 6: 6–8, reported on advertisement call. Coloma and Duellman, 2025, Amph. Ecuador. Vol. 3: 26–28, provided an account with photographs, summarizing morphological identification, natural history, distribution (including a dot map for Ecuador), and conservation, with (on p. 453) description of the advertisement call. Reyes-Puig and Carrión-Olmedo, 2026, Zootaxa, 5768: 592–596, provided mtDNA evidence that some records of Phyllonastes lochistes provided by Harvey et al. (2013) and Ortega et al. (2025) are applicable to Phyllonastes arutam, discussed the substantial confusion in the earlier literature, and provided a molecular tree for these samples and a dot map of the distribution.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to Ecuador see FaunaWebEcuador: Anfibios del Ecuador