Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Niceforonia Goin and Cochran, 1963

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Hypodactylinae > Genus: Niceforonia

15 species

Niceforonia Goin and Cochran, 1963, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 31: 499. Type species: Niceforonia nana Goin and Cochran, 1963, by original designation.

Isodactylus Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 108. Type species: Eleutherodactylus elassodiscus Lynch, 1973, by original designation. Junior homonym of Isodactylus Gray, 1845 (Squamata). Synonymy by Acosta-Galvis, Streicher, Manuelli, Cuddy, and de Sá, 2018, Zootaxa, 4514: 487.

Hypodactylus Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1795: 67-68. Replacement name for Isodactylus Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Cordillera Occidental, Central, and Oriental in Colombia southward through Ecuador to the Cordillera Oriental in central Peru and east into the Amazonian Basin in Ecuador and northern Peru.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Phrynopus by Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 109, where it had been placed by Lynch, 1975, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 35: 8. Hedges et al. (p. 110) noted that the taxon had not yet been included in a phylogenetic analysis. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, also did not include this taxon in their analysis and placed it provisionally as incertae sedis within Craugastoridae. Acosta-Galvis, Streicher, Manuelli, Cuddy, and de Sá, 2018, Zootaxa, 4514: 487–500, placed Hypodactylus into the synonymy of Niceforonia on the basis of molecular data, provided a range map of the species, and commented on internal relationships of the species. Rojas-Morales and Marín-Martínez, 2019, J. Threatened Taxa, 11: 13261–13277, noted an unnamed species in Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados, Caldas, Colombia.

Contained taxa (15 sp.):

Niceforonia adenobrachia (Ardila-Robayo, Ruiz-Carranza, and Barrera-Rodriguez, 1996)

Niceforonia aderca (Lynch, 2003)

Niceforonia araiodactyla (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999)

Niceforonia babax (Lynch, 1989)

Niceforonia brunnea (Lynch, 1975)

Niceforonia columbiana (Werner, 1899)

Niceforonia elassodiscus (Lynch, 1973)

Niceforonia fallaciosa (Duellman, 2000)

Niceforonia latens (Lynch, 1989)

Niceforonia lucida (Cannatella, 1984)

Niceforonia mantipus (Boulenger, 1908)

Niceforonia nana Goin and Cochran, 1963

Niceforonia nigrovittata (Andersson, 1945)

Niceforonia peraccai (Lynch, 1975)

Niceforonia philippi (Jmenez de la Espada, 1875)

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