Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Liurana Dubois, 1987 "1986"

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ceratobatrachidae > Subfamily: Liuraninae > Genus: Liurana

8 species

Liurana Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 65–66. Type species: Cornufer xizangensis Hu, 1977, by original designation. Suggested as a subgenus of Ingerana.

Liurana — Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1997, Cultum Herpetol. Sinica, 6–7: 77–79. Treated as a genus. See comment.

Common Names

Papilla-tongued Frogs (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 3).

Distribution

Medog region of Xizang, China, and in the districts of West Siang, Lower Subansiri, Dibang Valley, and Lower Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India, 950 to 4100 m elevation.

Comment

Treated as a synonym of Ingerana by Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 236. Treated as a synonym of Taylorana by Borah, Bordoloi, Purkayastha, Das, Dubois, and Ohler, 2013, Herpetozoa, Wien, 26: 45, and subsequently found to be the sole member of its own subfamily (Liuraninae) of Ceratobatrachidae by Yan, Jiang, Jin, Suwannapoom, Li, Vindum, Brown, and Che, 2016, Zool. Res., Kunming, 37: 12. Roy, Begum, and Ahmed, 2019, J. Threatened Taxa, 10: 12942, reported an unidentifed, possibly new, species in Ikindi, Dibang Valley District, Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. Jiang, Wang, Wang, Li, and Che, 2019, Zool. Res., Kunming, 40: 175–184, discussed the systematics, reproduction, habitat preferences, and conservation of the species. Saikia and Sinha, 2019, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 119: 303–315, discussed the diagnosis of the genus and provided a key to the species. Che, Jiang, Yan, and Zhang, 2020, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 298–303, provided detailed accounts for Tibet, China, and an identification key.

Contained taxa (8 sp.):

Liurana alpina (Huang and Ye, 1997)

Liurana himalayana Saikia and Sinha, 2019

Liurana indica Saikia and Sinha, 2019

Liurana medogensis Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1997

Liurana minuta Saikia and Sinha, 2019

Liurana namchabarwa Yu, Lin, Wang, Jiang and Xie, 2024

Liurana vallecula Jiang, Wang, Wang, Li, and Che, 2019

Liurana xizangensis (Hu, 1977)

External links:

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