Hyloxalus maculosus (Rivero, 1991)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Dendrobatoidea > Family: Dendrobatidae > Subfamily: Hyloxalinae > Genus: Hyloxalus > Species: Hyloxalus maculosus

Colostethus maculosus Rivero, 1991, Breviora, 493: 17. Holotype: MCZ 91558, by original designation. Type locality: "Puyo, between Turingia and theatre, 950 m, Provincia Pastaza, Ecuador".

Hyloxalus maculosusGrant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 168.

Common Names

Stained Rocket Frog (Coloma and Duellman, 2025, Amph. Ecuador. Vol. 2: xxxii). 

Rana Cohete Moteada (Spanish: Coloma and Duellman, 2025, Amph. Ecuador. Vol. 2: xxxii).

Spotted Rocket Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 49).

Distribution

Between 413 and 1602 m above sea level in the Amazonian lowlands  and eastern slopes of Cordillera Oriental, in Napo, Tungurahua, and Pastaza provinces, Ecuador.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Ecuador

Endemic: Ecuador

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Colostethus bocagei by Santos, Coloma, and Cannatella, 2003, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100: 12794 ; by implication of their placement of this taxon in a phylogenetic tree away from Colostethus bocagei), where it had been placed by Coloma, 1995, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 87: 21. Coloma IN Duellman, 2004, Sci. Pap. Nat. Hist. Mus. Univ. Kansas, 35: 30, suggested that Colostethus maculosus remains a synonym of Colostethus bocagei, but this cannot be reconciled with the previously published molecular results (DRF). Páez-Vacas, Coloma, and Santos, 2010, Zootaxa, 2711: 1–75, considered this species to be part of the Hyloxalus bocagei complex, distinct from Hyloxalus bocagei, and they provided (39–44) and account. Coloma and Duellman, 2025, Amph. Ecuador. Vol. 2: 136–138, provided an account, with photographs, which summarized identification, adult and larval morphology, systematics, natural history, distribution (including a dot map for Ecuador), conservation, and (on pp. 557–558) the advertisement call. 

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