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Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, J. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat., Lisboa, 3: 59. Type species: Hyloxalus fuliginosus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, by subsequent designation of Savage, 1968, Copeia, 1968: 747. Synonymy (with Prostherapis) by Dunn In Test, 1956, Occas. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, 577: 6; Dunn, 1957, Copeia, 1957: 77.
Phyllodromus Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, Vert. Viaje Pacif. Verif. 1862–1865: Pl. 3, fig. 3. Type species: Phyllodromus pulchellum Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, by monotypy. Synonymy with Prostherapis by Peracca, 1904, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 19 (465): 17. Synonymy with Colostethus by Edwards, 1971, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 84: 147–162.
Hylixalus Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 137. Unjustified emendation of Hyloxalus.
Cryptophyllobates Lötters, Jungfer, and Widmer, 2000, Jahresheft. Ges. Naturkd. Württemberg, 156: 236. Type species: Phyllobates azureiventris Kneller and Henle, 1985, by original designation. Synonymy by Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 168.
Common Names
None noted.
Distribution
Panama through Colombia Ecuador, and Peru on the Pacific coast, Andean Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru as well and eastern foothills of the Andes in Bolivia to Venezuela, east to the upper Amazona Basin.
Comment
Removed from the synonymy of Colostethus by Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 168, where it had been placed by Edwards, 1971, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 84: 147–162. Santos, Coloma, Summers, Caldwell, Ree, and Cannatella, 2009, PLoS Biol., 7(3: e1000056): 0001–0014, discussed the phylogenetic structure and biogeography of the taxon. Páez-Vacas, Coloma, and Santos, 2010, Zootaxa, 2711: 1–75, reported on the systematics and phylogenetics of the Hyloxalus bocagei complex. Acosta-Galvis and Vargas-Ramírez, 2018, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 68: 123-141, discussed the phylogenetics of the Hyloxalus subpunctatus clade and confirmed its placement as the sister taxon of the Hyloxalus bocagei clade, and provided a dot map of the species in this group in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. Anganoy-Criollo, Viuche-Lozano, Enciso-Calle, Bernal-Bautista, and Grant, 2022, Herpetologica, 78: 253–267, discussed the phylogenetics of Hyloxalus on the basis of comparative DNA analysis and morphology and rejected the Hyloxalus subpunctatus group as nonmonophyletic.
Contained taxa (64 sp.):
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