Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Minervarya syhadrensis (Annandale, 1919)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Minervarya > Species: Minervarya syhadrensis

Rana limnocharis syhadrensis Annandale, 1919, Rec. Indian Mus., 16: 123. Holotype: ZSIC 19764 accordng to the original publication; ZSIC 18764, according to Dubois, 1984, Alytes, 3: 150. Type locality: "Satara and Poon districts, . . . and the Nsik district", India. Data associated with holotype are "Khandal, 2500 ft, Poona district, Bombay Presidency", India, according to Dubois, 1984, Alytes, 3: 150.

Rana (Dicroglossus) syhadrensis — Dubois, 1974, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 3, Zool., 213: 383.

Rana syhadrensis — Dubois, 1975, C. R. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci., Paris, 281: 1717.

Rana (Euphlyctis) syhadrensis — Dubois, 1980 "1978", C. R. Séances Soc. Biogeogr., 55: 161.

Rana (Fejervarya) syhadrensis — Dubois, 1984, Alytes, 3: 150.

Euphlyctis syhadrensis — Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 124, by implication.

Limnonectes (Fejervarya) syhadrensis — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 61.

Limnonectes syhadrensis — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 315 [source is Chanda, Das, and Dubois, 2001 "2000", Hamadryad, 25: 110].

Fejervarya syhadrensis — Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 71, by implication; Dubois and Ohler, 2000, Alytes, 18: 35; Fei, Ye, Jiang, and Xie, 2002, Herpetol. Sinica, 9: 92; Dinesh, Vijayakumar, Channakeshavamurthy, Torsekar, Kulkarni, and Shanker, 2015, Zootaxa, 3999: 79.

Fejervarya caperata Kuramoto, Joshy, Kurabayashi, and Sumida, 2008 "2007", Curr. Herpetol., Kyoto, 26: 98. Holotype: BNHS 4657, by original designation. Type locality: "Karnoor", central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India. Synonymy by Phuge, Patil, Pandit, Kulkarni, Chennakeshavamurthy, Deepak, and Dinesh, 2020, Zootaxa, 4869: 451.

Zakerana caperata — Howlader, 2011, Bangladesh Wildl. Bull., 5: 2.

Zakerana syhadrensis — Howlader, 2011, Bangladesh Wildl. Bull., 5: 2.

Fejervarya caperata — Dinesh, Vijayakumar, Channakeshavamurthy, Torsekar, Kulkarni, and Shanker, 2015, Zootaxa, 3999: 79.

Minervarya caperata — Sanchez, Biju, Islam, Hasan, Ohler, Vences, and Kurabayashi, 2018, Salamandra, 54: 115.

Minervarya syhadrensis — Sanchez, Biju, Islam, Hasan, Ohler, Vences, and Kurabayashi, 2018, Salamandra, 54: 115.

English Names

Long-legged Cricket Frog (Khan, 1979, Biologia, Lahore, 25: 46).

Bombay Wart Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 100).

Syhadra Frog (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 65; Schleich, Anders, and Kästle, 2002, in Schleich and Kästle (eds.), Amph. Rept. Nepal: 79; Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 210; Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 33).

Syhadry Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 23).

Small Cricket Frog (Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 135).

Southern Cricket Frog (Khan, 2002, Bull. Chicago Herpetol. Soc., 37: 160).

Hill Cricket Frog (Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 210).

Common Paddy-field Frog (de Silva, 2009, Amph. Rep. Sri Lanka Photograph. Guide: 71 [as Fejervarya limnocharis]).

Wrinkled Fejervarya (Minervarya caperata, no longer recognized: Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 16).

Distribution

Eastern and western India, east and central Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal at low to moderate elevations (see comment).

Comment

Dubois, 1974, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 3, Zool., 213: 383–384, removed this species from the synonymy of Rana limnocharis. Kuramoto and Joshy, 2001, Curr. Herpetol., Kyoto, 20: 88–89, reported calls from populations in southern India differ strongly from those reported from Nepal, suggesting that more than one species is covered by this name. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 135, provided a brief account (as Rana syhadrensis). Pakistan record provided by Khan, 2002, Bull. Chicago Herpetol. Soc., 37: 160). Anders, 2002, in Schleich and Kästle (eds.), Amph. Rept. Nepal: 249–253, provided an account for the Nepal population. Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 138–139, provided range, taxonomic comments, and partial taxonomic bibliography. Khan, 2006, Amph. Rept. Pakistan: 60, provided an account for Pakistan. Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 210–211, provided an account. Ningombam and Bordoloi, 2007, Zoos' Print J., 22: 2688–2690, provided a record for Manipur, northeastern India. Das and Dutta, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 154–181, noted two larval descriptions of varying levels of completeness in the literature. Borthakur, Kalita, Hussain, and Sengupta, 2007, Zoos' Print J., 22: 2639–2643, compared the species of Assam, northwest India (Fejervarya nepalensis, Fejervarya pierrei, Fejervarya syhadrensis, and Fejervarya teraiensis). Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 33, provided a brief characterization and photographs. Kotaki, Kurabayashi, Matsui, Kuramoto, Tjong, and Sumida, 2010, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 27: 386–395, suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that Fejervarya syhadrensis is composed of at least two species, with one species in the Western Ghats (possibly conspecific with the population at the type locality) and another in Sri Lanka not conspecific (and unnamed), and either unlikely to be conspecific with the population at the type locality. The Sri Lankan population was judged to be most closely related to Fejervarya granosa and Fejervarya pierrei. Rasel, Hannan, and Howlader, 2007, Bangladesh Wildl. Bull., 2007: 1–3, reported the species in the Chittagong region of eastern Bangladesh. de Silva, 2009, Amph. Rep. Sri Lanka Photograph. Guide: 71, provided a brief account (as Fejervarya limnocharis) and color photograph. See Shah and Tiwari, 2004, Herpetofauna Nepal: 58, for brief account (as Limnonectes syhadrensis). Hasan, Islam, Khan, Alam, Kurabayashi, Igawa, Kuramoto, and Sumida, 2012, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 29: 162–172, discussed ambiguities in identification of populations in Bangladesh, as Fejervarya syhadrensis. Masroor, 2012, Contr. Herpetol. N. Pakistan: 46–49, provided an account for northern Pakistan of a species he referred to "Fejervarya limnocharis" that he distinguished from Fejervarya syhadrensis; presumably this represents and unnamed species (DRF). Subramanian, Dinesh, and Radhakrishnan, 2013, Atlas of Endemic Amph. W. Ghats: 45, provided a very brief characterization (as Fejervarya caperata), photograph, and dot map. Prasad, Gautam, Gupta, Murthy, Ramesh, Shinde, and Das, 2020, Zootaxa, 4851: 450–476, reported on morphology and advertisement call for a population (as Fejervarya caperata) in the Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, central India. Köhler, Mogk, Khaing, and Than, 2019, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 69: 190, suggested that the distinctiveness from Minervarya pierrei and Minervarya granosa needs to be confirmed. O'Connell, Aryal, Sherchan, Dhakal, Chaudhary, and Karmacharya, 2019, J. Nat. Hist., London, 53: 1421–1437, reported on the Kathmandu Valley population, Nepal. Deuti, Sethy, and Ray, 2014, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 114: 130–131, provided a brief account for the population of the Eastern Ghats region, India. Sreekumar and Dinesh, 2020, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 120: 33–40, discussed the range in Maharashtra, India, in terms of agro-climatic zones. Gautam, Chalise, Thapa, and Bhattarai, 2020, IRCF Rept. & Amph., 27: 18–28, briefly discussed abundance and elevational range in the Ghandruk region of central Nepal. Phuge, Patil, Pandit, Kulkarni, Chennakeshavamurthy, Deepak, and Dinesh, 2020, Zootaxa, 4869: 451–492, discussed systematic and identification problems of nominal Minervarya syhadrensis in the Western Ghats of southern India. Khatiwada, Wang, Zhao, Xie, and Jiang, 2021, Asian Herpetol. Res., 12: 1–35, discussed the species in Nepal. Gayen, Dey, and Roy, 2021, Zoos' Print J., 36: 33–39, reported a record from Durgapur Subdivision, West Bengal, India.

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