Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Minervarya Dubois, Ohler, and Biju, 2001

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Minervarya

31 species

Minervarya Dubois, Ohler, and Biju, 2001, Alytes, 19: 58. Type species: Minervarya sahyadris Dubois, Ohler, and Biju, by original designation.

Zakerana Howlader, 2011, Bangladesh Wildl. Bull., 5: 1. Type species: Rana limnocharis syhadrensis Annandale, 1919, by original designation. Synonymy with Fejervarya by Dinesh, Vijayakumar, Channakeshavamurthy, Torsekar, Kulkarni, and Shanker, 2015, Zootaxa, 3999: 79; with Minervarya by Sanchez, Biju, Islam, Hasan, Ohler, Vences, and Kurabayashi, 2018, Salamandra, 54: 115.

Common Names

Cricket Frogs (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 4).

Distribution

Eastern India and the Andaman Islands; Nepal; Bangladesh, and Chiang Mai, Thailand; presumably to be found in intervening Myanmar.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Fejervarya by Sanchez, Biju, Islam, Hasan, Ohler, Vences, and Kurabayashi, 2018, Salamandra, 54: 109–116, where it had been placed by Dinesh, Vijayakumar, Channakeshavamurthy, Torsekar, Kulkarni, and Shanker, 2015, Zootaxa, 3999: 79. See Fejervarya account for access to relevant taxonomic and faunal liturature. Köhler, Mogk, Khaing, and Than, 2019, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 69: 183–226, reported on the molecular phylogenetics of Fejervarya and Minervarya, confirming the sister-taxon relationship, identifying several misidentifications in the literature, and provided a key to the species of Myanmar. Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 286–287, provided a brief account (description, photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai). Hegde, Dinesh, and Kadadevaru, 2020, Zootaxa, 4838: 1–20, provisionally placed Minervarya into the synonymy of Fejervarya, without comment on the status of Sphaerotheca, which currently is understood to be the sister taxon of Fejervarya to the exclusion of Minervarya. So, given that the provisional change results in a paraphyletic genus, I (DRF) resist the change pending better resolution of the overall group. Garg and Biju, 2021, Asian Herpetol. Res., 12: 345–370, revised the genus, providing a molecular tree and recognized several species groups: (1) Minervarya sahyadris group: Minervarya gomantaki, Minervarya krishnan, and Minervarya sahyadris; (2) Minervarya syhadrensis group: Minervarya syhadrensis, Minervarya nepalensis., and Minervarya pentali; (3) Minervarya agricola group: Minervarya agricola, Minervarya asmati, Minervarya chiangmaiensis, and Minervarya teraiensis; (4) Minervarya mysorensis group: Minervarya brevipalmata, Minervarya goemchi, and Minervarya mysorensis; (5) Minervarya rufescens group: Minervarya cepfi, Minervarya kadar, Minervarya manoharani, Minervarya neilcoxi, and Minervarya rufescens; (6) Minervarya andamanensis group: Minervarya andamanensis and Minervarya muangkanensis; (7) Minervarya greenii group: Minervarya greenii and Minervarya kirtisinghei; (8) Minervarya nilagirica group: Minervarya kalinga, Minervarya keralensis, and Minervarya nilagirica.

Contained taxa (31 sp.):

Minervarya agricola (Jerdon, 1853)

Minervarya andamanensis (Stoliczka, 1870)

Minervarya asmati (Howlader, 2011)

Minervarya brevipalmata (Peters, 1871)

Minervarya cepfi (Garg and Biju, 2017)

Minervarya charlesdarwini (Das, 1998)

Minervarya chiangmaiensis (Suwannapoom, Yuan, Poyarkov, Yan, Kamtaeja, Murphy, and Che, 2016)

Minervarya chilapata Ohler, Deuti, Grosjean, Paul, Ayyaswamy, Ahmed, and Dutta, 2009

Minervarya goemchi (Dinesh, Kulkarni, Swamy, and Deepak, 2018 "2017")

Minervarya gomantaki (Dinesh, Vijayakumar, Channakeshavamurthy, Torsekar, Kulkarni, and Shanker, 2015)

Minervarya greenii (Boulenger, 1905)

Minervarya kadar (Garg and Biju, 2017)

Minervarya kalinga (Raj, Dinesh, Das, Dutta, Kar, and Mohapatra, 2018)

Minervarya keralensis (Dubois, 1981)

Minervarya kirtisinghei (Manamendra-Arachchi and Gabadage, 1996)

Minervarya krishnan (Raj, Dinesh, Das, Dutta, Kar, and Mohapatra, 2018)

Minervarya manoharani (Garg and Biju, 2017)

Minervarya marathi (Phuge, Dinesh, Andhale, Bhakare, and Pandit, 2019)

Minervarya muangkanensis (Suwannapoom, Yuan, Jiang, Yan, Gao, and Che, 2017)

Minervarya mysorensis (Rao, 1922)

Minervarya neilcoxi (Garg and Biju, 2017)

Minervarya nepalensis (Dubois, 1975)

Minervarya nicobariensis (Stoliczka, 1870)

Minervarya nilagirica (Jerdon, 1853)

Minervarya pentali Garg and Biju, 2021

Minervarya pierrei (Dubois, 1975)

Minervarya rufescens (Jerdon, 1853)

Minervarya sahyadris Dubois, Ohler, and Biju, 2001

Minervarya sengupti (Purkayastha and Matsui, 2012)

Minervarya syhadrensis (Annandale, 1919)

Minervarya teraiensis (Dubois, 1984)

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