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Occidozyga laevis (Günther, 1858)
Oxyglossus laevis Günther, 1858, Arch. Naturgesch., 24: 319. Syntypes: BMNH (2 specimens, according to Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 7), only one of which is currently identified as BMNH 1947.2.4.65, by museum records. Type locality: "Philippinen".
Phrynoglossus laevis — Peters, 1867, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1867: 29; Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 353–358; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 59; Smith, 1931, Bull. Raffles Mus., 5: 16; Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 30. See comment under Dicroglossidae; Köhler, Vargas, Than, Schell, Janke, Pauls, and Thammachoti, 2021, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 71: 7.
Oxyglossis laevis — Smith, 1916, J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 2: 172. Incorrect subsequent spelling of the generic name.
Oxyglossus laevis — Bourret, 1927, Fauna Indochine, Vert., 3: 264.
Oxydozyga laevis — Mertens, 1927, Senckenb. Biol., 9: 242.
Ooeidozyga laevis — Smith, 1927, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1927: 204.
Oxydozyga laevis laevis — Mertens, 1930, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 42: 209.
Phrynoglossus laevis laevis — Mertens, 1934, Arch. Hydrobiol., Stuttgart, 40: 682.
Ooeidozyga laevis laevis — Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 249; Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 240.
Occidozyga laevis — Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 245, by implication; Inger, 1996, Herpetologica, 52: 242.
Frethia laevis — Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 243.
English Names
Philippine Oriental Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 104).
Common Puddle Frog (Kiew, 1987, Malayan Nat. J., 41: 418).
Spotted Puddle Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 122).
Yellow-bellied Puddle Frog (Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 23; Das, Jankowski, Makmor, and Haas, 2007, Mitt. Hamburg. Zool. Mus. Inst., 104: 152).
Distribution
Philippines (islands of Alabat, Balabac, Batan, Bohol, Bonoon, Busuanga, Cagraray, Calagna-an, Calauit, Camaguin-Sur, Catanduanes, Cebu, Coron, Dinagat, Guimaras, Inampulugan, Leyte, Lubang, Luzon, Marinduque, Masbates, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Polillo, Romblon Island group, Samar, Sicogon, Subayan, and Sulu Archipelago). Unnamed associated species found in Indonesia and Malaysia. See comment.
Geographic Occurrence
Natural resident: Philippines
Endemic to the political unit: Philippines
Comment
Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 249–256, provided an account. Previously confused with Occidozyga sumatrana; see comment under that taxon. Gaulke, 2011, Herpetofauna Panay Island: 89–91, provided a brief account (as Occidozyga laevis) for Panay Island, Philippines. Binaday, 2017, Herpetol. Rev., 48: 385, provided a record for Batan, Philippines, and briefly discussed the range. See brief notes for Mindanao, Philippines, by Sanguila, Cobb, Siler, Diesmos, Alcala, and Brown, 2016, ZooKeys, 624: 31. The identity of the call reported as this species from Thailand by Heyer, 1971, Fieldiana, Zool., 58: 61–82, is unknown. The records of Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 137, from Songkhla, Pattani and Narathiwat, peninsular Thailand, presumably are assignable to Occidozyga martensii. Chan, Schoppe, Rico, and Brown, 2020, Philipp. J. Syst. Biol., 14: 1–14, reported on molecular phylogeography in the Philippines, identifying two candidate species on Palawan, within nominal Occidozyga laevis. Flury, Haas, Brown, Das, Min, Kueh, Scheidt, Iskandar, Jankowski, and Hertwig, 2021, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 163 (107210): 1–17, found their laevis group to be composed of 11 mtDNA lineages, one from Palawan, Philippines; three from Borneo, and 7 from the remainder of the Philippine archipelago, of which all but one are supported by nuDNA. Which, if any of these is represented by the surviving syntype in the BMNH is unknown. Haas, Das, Hertwig, Bublies, and Schulz-Schaeffer, 2022, Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo: 284–285, summarized the knowledge of habitat, reproduction, larval morphology and coloration of Occidozyga aff. laevis from Borneo. Meneses, Siler, Alviola, Balatibat, Gonzalez, Natividad, and Brown, 2022, Check List, 18: 941–984, discussed its habitat on Sibuyan I, Philippines. Herlambang, Riyanto, Munir, Hamidy, Kimura, Eto, and Mumpuni, 2022, Treubia, 49: 78, reported Occidozyga cf. laevis from Bunguran I., Natuna Is., Indonesia.
External links:
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- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
- For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
- For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.