Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Nyctibatrachus karnatakaensis Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Manjunatha Reddy, and Gururaja, 2007

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Nyctibatrachidae > Subfamily: Nyctibatrachinae > Genus: Nyctibatrachus > Species: Nyctibatrachus karnatakaensis

Nyctibatrachus hussaini Krishnamurthy, Manjunatha Reddy, and Gururaja, 2001, Curr. Sci., Bangalore, 80: 887. Holotype: Not designated. Type locality: "Kudremukh National Park is located in the central Western Ghats (13° 10′—13° 26′ N and 75° 05′—75° 10′ E) . . . . torrential stream 'Kadambi Hole', flowing amidt the Kudremukh National Park (altitude: 850-1110 m msl)", Karnataka, India. Unavailable name due to the lack of a designated type as required by Article 16.4 of the ICZN, 1999, Internatl. Code Zool. Nomencl., Ed. 4, according to Das and Kunte, 2005, J. Herpetol., 39: 469. Synonymy by Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Manjunatha Reddy, and Gururaja, 2007, Curr. Sci., Bangalore, 93: 246.

Nyctibatrachus karnatakaensis Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Manjunatha Reddy, and Gururaja, 2007, Curr. Sci., Bangalore, 93: 246. Holotype: ZSI/WGFRS/V/A 579, by original designation. Type locality: "from a 3° perennial stream with big boulders amidst a shola forest in Manikyadhara Betta, Kudremukh National Park (13° 21.6′ N; 75° 07.9′ E, 900 m asl), Sringeri Taluk, Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, southwest India".

Common Names

Giant Wrinkled Frog (Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 224 [as Nyctibatrachus hussaini]).

Giant Wrinkled Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 63; Biju, Van Bocxlaer, Mahony, Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Zachariah, Giri, and Bossuyt, 2011, Zootaxa, 3029: 45).

Large Wrinkled Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 63).

Kudremukh Wrinkled Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 9).

Distribution

Known only from the type locality in Kudremukh National Park in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: India

Endemic: India

Comment

Biju, 2001, Occas. Publ. Indian Soc. Conserv. Biol., 1: 19, doubted the validity of this nominal taxon (as Nyctibatrachus hussaini) but did not state which species that he considered it synonymous. Das and Kunte, 2005, J. Herpetol., 39: 469, noted that the name Nyctibatrachus hussaini was not available under the Code for reason of lacking a designated type, although (I. Das, personal communication), they regarded the then formally unnamed population as a distinct species). Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 224-226, provided an account (as Nyctibatrachus hussaini). See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Nyctibatrachus hussaini) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 488. Biju, Van Bocxlaer, Mahony, Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Zachariah, Giri, and Bossuyt, 2011, Zootaxa, 3029: 45-46, provided an account. In the "northern clade", Nyctibatrachus sanctipalustris group, of Van Bocxlaer, Biju, Willaert, Giri, Shouche, and Bossuyt, 2012, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 62: 839-847. A very brief characterization, photograph, and dot map provided by Subramanian, Dinesh, and Radhakrishnan, 2013, Atlas of Endemic Amph. W. Ghats: 90.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist