| Search tool |
Example of search string in box |
What that means to the database |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
Hyl* |
Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla. |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
*Hyla |
Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla |
|
Hyla |
Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor |
| Strings of words without quotation marks |
Lithobates pipiens |
Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens |
| Strings of word with quotation marks |
"Lithobates pipiens" |
Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex. |
| AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND |
Lithobates AND pipiens |
Same as "Lithobates pipiens" |
| OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR |
Lithobates OR "Costa Rica" |
Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica |
| Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks) |
Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri |
Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records |
| Printable HELP file |
| Search tool |
Example of search string in box |
What that means to the database |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
Hyl* |
Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla. |
| * = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
*Hyla |
Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla |
| Single word |
Hyla |
Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor |
| Strings of words without quotation marks |
Lithobates pipiens |
Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens |
| Strings of word with quotation marks |
"Lithobates pipiens" |
Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex. |
| AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND |
Lithobates AND pipiens |
Same as "Lithobates pipiens" |
| OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR |
Lithobates OR "Costa Rica" |
Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica |
| Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks) |
Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri |
Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records |
| Printable HELP file |
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Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882
35 species
Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 113. Type species: Nyctibatrachus major Boulenger, 1882, by subsequent designation of Myers, 1942, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 55: 54.
Nannobatrachus Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 470. Type species: Nannobatrachus beddomii Boulenger, 1882, by monotypy. Synonymy by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 68.
Common Names
Night Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 102).
Wrinkled Frogs (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 8).
Distribution
Western Ghats of southwestern India from southern Gujarat to southern Tamil Nadu.
Comment
Member of the sufamily Raninae, tribe Ranixalini, according to Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 68 (who subsequently treated this taxon as a subfamily, Ranixalinae; Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 335). Dubois, Ohler, and Biju, 2001, Alytes, 19: 57, placed it in their Nyctibatrachinae (Ranidae). See comment under Nyctibatrachidae. Radhakrishnan, Dinesh, and Ravichandran, 2007, Zootaxa, 1595: 31–41, mapped the type localities of members of Nyctibatrachus and provided a key to the species. Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, and Bhatta, 2008, Zootaxa, 1914: 45–56, provided an updated key. Biju, Van Bocxlaer, Mahony, Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Zachariah, Giri, and Bossuyt, 2011, Zootaxa, 3029: 1–96, reviewed the genus and provided accounts for all species known at the time. Gururaja, Dinesh, Priti, and Ravikanth, 2014, Zootaxa, 3796: 33–46, provided a molecular tree for the species as well. Priti, Anisha, and Gururaja, 2021, MtDNA, Part B, 6: 2468–2474, provided a ML tree of Nyctibatrachus species based on 16S mtDNA.
Contained taxa (35 sp.):
External links:
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