Odorrana livida (Blyth, 1856)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Odorrana > Species: Odorrana livida

Polypedates lividus Blyth, 1856 "1855", J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 24: 718. Holotype: Presumably ZSIC, but not found there according to Chanda, Das, and Dubois, 2001 "2000", Hamadryad, 25: 118. BMNH 1889.2.25.48 designated neotype by Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003, Am. Mus. Novit., 3417: 28. Type locality: "Tenasserim valley", Myanmar. Given, apparently in error, as "Darjeeling", India by Gee and Boring, 1929, Peking Nat. Hist. Bull., 4: 30. Neotype from "Thagata Juwa, Village on the hills southwest of Mt. Mooleyit, Dawna Mountains, [eastern] Myanmar (400–500 m)", also given as "Mulayit Taung (16° N, 98° 30′ E)".

Rana livida — Boulenger, 1887, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, Ser. 2, 5: 484.

Rana (Hylorana) livida — Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 128, 214.

Hylorana livida — Deckert, 1938, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1938: 144.

Rana (Hylarana) livida — Bourret, 1941, Annexe Bull. Gen. Instr. Publique, Hanoi, 1941: 27; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 42, by implication.

Odorrana livida — Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1990, Key to Chinese Amph.: 148; Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 264; Song, Jang, Zou, and Shi, 2002, Herpetol. Sinica, 9: 70.

Rana (Eburana) livida — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 328.

Rana (Odorrana) livida — Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003, Am. Mus. Novit., 3417: 29.

Odorrana (Odorrana) livida — Fei, Ye, Huang, Jiang, and Xie, 2005, in Fei et al. (eds.), Illust. Key Chinese Amph.: 129.

Odorrana livida — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 239; Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1–13; by implication; Stuart, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 46: 52.

Huia livida — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 368.

English Names

Green Cascade Frog (Karsen, Lau, and Bogadek, 1986, Hong Kong Amph. Rept.: 28; Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 87).

Tenasserim Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 108).

Bright Frog (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 66).

Large Odorous Frog (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 188–189).

Green Mountain Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 124).

Large-eared Rock Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 136).

Tenasserim Odorfrog (Zug and Mulcahy, 2020 "2019", Amph. Rept. S. Tanintharyi: 57). 

Tenasserim Odorous Frog (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28: 50). 

Distribution

Range is provisional: molecular data supports the identification for northeastern India and Thailand (Mae Hong Son province, northwestern Thailand south to Prachuap Khiri Khan Province in the peninsula) and southern peninsular Myanmar; records from China apparently refer to other species (see comment). 

Comment

With the partition of Odorrana livida into Odorrana livida and Odorrana graminea, a large body of literature became questionable regarding the species to which they apply, if, indeed, anything so far named. Caution is warranted. See also Odorrana graminea record for likely relevant literature. Subgenus Eburana of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 328. This subgeneric position disputed by Matsui, 1994, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 111: 385–415, who agreed with Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1990, Key to Chinese Amph., that it should be placed in Odorrana. According to the study by Xiong, Li, and Jiang, 2015, Zootaxa, 3963: 201–229, this species has been conflated with others (named and unnamed) and literature prior to 2015 should be taken with caution. Many species of the Rana graminea complex and Rana chloronota complex (= Rana livida group) have been considered to represent this species and the accounts and literature in the following section almost all refer to species other than Rana livida sensu stricto. See accounts by Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 204 (as Rana graminea) and page 214 (as Rana livida); Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 371–374; and Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 468–471.   Karsen, Lau, and Bogadek, 1986, Hong Kong Amph. Rept.: 28, provided a brief account. See comments by Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999, Fieldiana, Zool., N.S., 92: 19–20, who supported the synonymy of Rana graminea with Rana livida. See comments by Inger and Chan-ard, 1997, Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc., 45: 68–70, regarding geographic variation in Rana livida and its synonym at the time, Rana graminea. Sarkar, Biswas, and Ray, 1992, State Fauna Ser., 3: 80, provided a brief account for West Bengal, India. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 125–126, provided a brief account. Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 136–137, provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph.  Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 160, provided putative range in India, systematic comments, and partial taxonomic bibliography. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 125–126, provided a brief account. Ao, Bordoloi, and Ohler, 2003, Zoos' Print J., 18: 1117–1125, reported animals as of this taxon from Nagaland, northeastern India. Stuart, Inger, and Voris, 2006, Biol. Lett., 2: 470–474, provided molecular evidence that this nominal taxon represents more than one species. Devi and Shamungou, 2006, J. Exp. Zool. India, 9: 317–324, provided a questionable record for Manipur, northeastern India. Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 86, provided a brief characterization and a photograph of the Indian frog and reported it from Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and West Bengal, India. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 144, detailed the range in Thailand. Subba, Aravind, and Ravikanth, 2016, Check List, 13(1: 2033): 12, considered the presence of this species in Sikkim, India, to be doubtful. Saikia, Nanda, and Sinha, 2018, Bull. Arunachal Forest Res., 33: 1–4, reported the species in Lower Subansiri and East Kameng districts, Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India, and provided a key for identification for the area. Makchai, Chuaynkern, Safoowong, Chuachat, and Cota, 2020, Amph. N. Thailand: 143, provided a brief account, photographs, and a range map for Thailand. Zug and Mulcahy, 2020 "2019", Amph. Rept. S. Tanintharyi: 57, provided a brief account for South Tanintharyi, peninsular Myanmar. Rujirawan, Stuart, and Aowphol, 2021, J. Nat. Hist., London, 52: 23–24, reported on an mtDNA-confirmed population in Thailand and extended the diagnosis. 

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