Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Aneides hardii (Taylor, 1941)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Plethodontidae > Subfamily: Plethodontinae > Genus: Aneides > Species: Aneides hardii

Plethodon hardii Taylor, 1941, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 54: 77. Holotype: EHT-HMS 23656, by original designation; now FMNH 100103 according to Marx, 1976, Fieldiana, Zool., 69: 40. Type locality: "Sacramento Mountains (9,000 ft.) at Cloudcroft, [Otero County,] New Mexico", USA.

Aneides hardii — Lowe, 1950, Copeia, 1950: 93; Schad, Stewart, and Harrington, 1959, Canad. J. Zool., 37: 229–303.

Aneides hardyi — Stebbins, 1954, Amph. Rept. W. North Am.: 74. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Aneides (Aneides) hardii — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2012, Alytes, 28: 144.

English Names

Sacramento Mountains Salamander (Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 256; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 19; Stebbins, 2003, Field Guide W. Rept. Amph., Ed. 3: 177; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 24; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 24).

Sacramento Mountain Salamander (Stebbins, 1951, Amph. W. North Am.: 135; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 50; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 173; Stebbins, 1966, Field Guide W. North Am. Rept. Amph.: 48; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 5; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 29; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 11).

Distribution

High elevations of the Sacramento, Capitan, and White mountains of southern New Mexico, USA, 2400 to 3600 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: United States of America, United States of America - New Mexico

Endemic: United States of America, United States of America - New Mexico

Comment

See detailed accounts by Wake, 1965, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 17: 1–2, Petranka, 1998, Salamand. U.S. Canada: 320–322, and Ramotnik, 2005, in Lannoo (ed.), Amph. Declines: 661–662; see also Schad, Stewart, and Harrington, 1959, Canad. J. Zool., 37: 299–303 (morphology), and Pope and Highton, 1980, J. Herpetol., 14: 343–346 (genetics), for study of geographic variation and literature review. Stebbins, 2003, Field Guide W. Rept. Amph., Ed. 3: 178, provided a brief account, figure, and map. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 413, provided a brief account, photograph, and range map. Osborne, Cordova, Cameron, and Turner, 2019, Conserv. Genetics, 20: 545–556, discussed the development and differentiation of three lineages/evolutionary significant units found at high elevations of, the Sacramento, Capitan, and White Mountains. Scarpetta, 2019, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 921: 1–23, reviewed the species. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 965–966, provided an account summarizing morphology, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map).

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.