Aneides Baird, 1851

Common Names

Climbing Salamanders (Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 173; Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 9; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 29; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 19; Stebbins, 2003, Field Guide W. Rept. Amph., Ed. 3: 177; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 28; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 11; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 24; Powell, Conant, and Collins, 2016, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. North Am., 4th ed.: 39; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 23).

Distribution

Pacific Coast of the western USA (except central coastal Washington, USA), and Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada, northern Baja California Norte (Mexico); Sacramento Mountains of southern New Mexico (USA); eastern USA in the Appalachian Mountains.

Comment

See account by Wake, 1974, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 157: 1–2. Larson, Wake, Maxson, and Highton, 1981, Evolution, 35: 405–422, provided a cladogram of the species and a discussion that suggested that recognition of Aneides rendered Plethodon paraphyletic. Petranka, 1998, Salamand. U.S. Canada 310–325, provided accounts for the species recognized at the time. Mahoney, 2001, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 18: 174–188, suggested that the molecular evidence for a monophyletic Aneides is weak and that Aneides is imbedded within Plethodon. Macey, 2005, Cladistics, 21: 194–202, on the basis of molecular data considered Aneides to be the sister taxon of Hydromantes + Ensatina. Vieites, Min, and Wake, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104: 19903–19907, also on the basis of molecular data provided a tree of Aneides (within a larger study of plethodontid relationships) and regarded Aneides as the sister taxon of Desmognathus + Phaeognathus. See species accounts by Petranka, 1998, Salamand. U.S. Canada: 310–325. In the tribe Aneidini of Vieites, Nieto-Roman, Wake, and Wake, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 59: 633 (see comment in synonymy). Powell, Collins, and Hooper, 2011, Key Herpetofauna U.S. & Canada, 2nd Ed.: 16–17, provided a key to the species although retaining Aneides iecanus within Aneides flavipunctatus. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 409–414, provided brief accounts, photographs, and range maps for the species.  Reilly and Wake, 2019, PeerJ, 7(e:7370): 1–36, revised the complex, reported on contact zones within the Aneides flavipunctatus complex, recognized the four species previously informally recognized by Rissler and Apodaca, 2007, Syst. Biol., 56: 924–942, but with improved resolution of the contact zone between Aneides klamathensis and Aneides flavipunctatus. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 955–968, provided species accounts summarizing systematics, morphology, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map).

Contained taxa (10 sp.):

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