Calotriton asper (Dugès, 1852)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Salamandridae > Subfamily: Pleurodelinae > Genus: Calotriton > Species: Calotriton asper

Triton glacialis Philippe, 1847, Séances Acad. Sci. Lettr. Montpellier, 1847: 20. Type(s): Not stated or known to exist. Type locality: Lac Bleu, Pyrenees [France]. Nomen nudum. Synonymy by Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 10.

Salamandra tuberculata Dufour, 1847, Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, Ser. 2, 15: 118. Type(s): Not designated. Type locality: "dans les ruisseaux d'Aiguallut . . .  dans le gave de Broussette en allant au Pic d’Ossau", Pyrenees, France. Synonymy by Frétey and Pottier, 2021, Bull. Soc. Herpetol. France, 179: 43, who discussed the nomenclatural status of this name, prevented from taking precieence due to Art. 23.9 of the ICZN, 1999, Internatl. Code Zool. Nomencl., Ed. 4. 

Hemitriton asper Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 266. Syntypes: MNHNP 1082 (2 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 7. These numbered MNHNP 4738 and 4738A according to Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 15. Also including MDUG HE 1219-21, according to Flores-Villela, Ríos-Muñoz, Magaña-Cota, and Quezadas-Tapia, 2016, Zootaxa, 4092: 39. Type locality: "Eaux-Bonnes", Pyrenees, France.

Triton repandus Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 256. Substitute name for Hemitriton asper attributed to Duméril and Valenciennes.

Hemitriton cinereus Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 263. Syntypes: MNHNP 4741 (2 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 7, and Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 26. Type locality: Pyrenees. Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 24.

Hemitriton rugosus Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 264. Holotype: MNHNP 4740, according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 8. Type locality: Pyrenees? Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 24.

Hemitriton punctulatus Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 265. Syntypes: MNHNP 4739 (2 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 8, and Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 60. Type locality: "Eaux-Bonnes (Pyrénées)", France. Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 24.

Hemitriton bibronii Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 266. Syntypes: MNHNP 1082 (4 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 7; MNHNP 1082, 1082A-C according to Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 18. Type locality: Pyrenees. Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 24.

Triton pyrenaeus Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 139. Holotype: MNHNP 5337, according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 8, Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 61. Type locality: Pyrenees, France. Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 24.

Triton rugosus — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 150.

Triton cinereus — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 151.

Triton repandus — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 151.

Triton puncticulatus — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 140. Incorrect subsequent spelling of punctulatus.

Triton bibroni — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 153.

Calotriton punctulatus — Gray, 1858, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858: 139.

Euproctus pyrenaeus — Lataste, 1878, Rev. Internatl. Sci., 1st year, Paris, 2: 495.

Molge aspera — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 24.

Euproctus aspera — Camerano, 1885, Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 36: 419.

Euproctus asper var. rugosa Bedriaga, 1895, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1895: 160. Syntypes: MNHNP and ZMB, according to XXX. Type locality: Region of the Pyrennees. Synonymy by Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 64.

Triton asper — Wolterstorff, 1902, Triton der Untergattung Euproctus: 12. Schreiber, 1912, Herpetol. Eur., Ed. 2: 48.

Molge aspera — Maluquer, 1916, Butll. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Ser. 2, 13: 58.

Diemictylus asper — Fowler and Dunn, 1917, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 69: 28.

Molge bolivari Boscá, 1918, Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., 18: 58. Type(s): Not designated although presumably in MNCN. Type locality: "valle deTena, en la vertiente meridional de los Pirineos aragoneses a 1.600 ó más metros de altur sobre el nivel del more, donde se halla el sanatorio de Panticosa (Huesca)", Spain. Synonymy by Mertens and Wermuth, 1960, Amph. Rept. Europas: 17.

Euproctus asper — Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 61.

Euproctus asper forma d'Onceti Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 66. Holotype: MM 97/24, presumably destroyed in W.W.II. Type locality: "Lac d'Oncet bei Bangnères de Bigorre", Pyrenees, France.

Euproctus asper forma castelmouliensis Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 66. Syntypes: MM 99/24 (2 specimens) and 100/24 (1 specimen), destroyed in WWII according to Brame and Gorham, 1972, Checklist Living & Fossil Salamand. World (Unpubl. MS): 49; SMF 1167 regarded as lectotype (presumably exchanged from MM) by Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 37. See comments by Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 157. Type locality: "Bergbach und seine Umbegung, liegt ebenfalls bei Bagnères de Bigorre in ca. 7-800 m Meereshöhe", Pyrenees, France.

Euproctus asper forma peyreladensis Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 71. Holotype: MM 110/24 (Destroyed in W.W.II), according to XXX. Type locality: "Bagnères de Bigorre aus dem Lac de Peyrelade", Pyrenees, France.

Euproctus (Hemitriton) asper — Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 296.

Euproctus asper asper — Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 9.

Euproctus asper — Wolterstorff and Herre, 1935, Arch. Naturgesch., Leipzig, N. F., 4: 224.

Euproctus asper castelmouliensis — Mertens and Müller, 1940, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 451: 8.

Calotriton asper — Carranza and Amat, 2005, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 145: 555.

English Names

Pyrenean Newt (Bedriaga, 1895, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1895: 160; Martínez Rica, 1997, in Gasc et al. (eds.), Atlas Amph. Rept. Eur.: 54).

Pyrenean Brook Salamander (Arnold and Burton, 1978, Field Guide Rept. Amph. Brit. Eur.: 38; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 32; Stumpel-Rienks, 1992, Ergänzungsband Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., Trivialnamen der Herpetofauna Eur.: 48).

Pyrenean Mountain Salamander (Steward, 1969, Tailed Amph. Eur.: 39).

Pyrenean Mountain Newt (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 32; Stumpel-Rienks, 1992, Ergänzungsband Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., Trivialnamen der Herpetofauna Eur.: 48).

Pyrenees Mountain Salamander (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 35).

Pyrenees Mountain Newt (Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 350).

Pyreneen Salamander (Hellmich, 1962, Rept. Amph. Eur.: 52).

Distribution

Pyrenees Mountains of France, Spain, and Andorra, 175–3000 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Andorra, France, Spain

Comment

Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 350–357, provided an account. See also discussion of relevant literature and distribution by Martínez Rica, 1997, in Gasc et al. (eds.), Atlas Amph. Rept. Eur.: 54–55. Clergue-Gazeau, 1999, in Grossenbacher and Thiesmeier (eds.), Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., 4(1): 251–269, provided a review of the biology. Barbadillo-Escrivá, 1987, Guia INCAFO Anf. Rept. Peninsula Iberica: 100–105, provided an account for the Iberian populations. Obst in Engelmann, Fritzsche, Günther, and Obst, 1993, Lurche Kriechtiere Eur.: 68–70, provided a brief account, figure, and map. Llorente, Montori, Santos, and Carretero, 1995, Atlas Amf. Rept. Catalunya Andorra: 46–48, provided an account and detailed range map for Catalunya. Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 121, provided a brief account, map, and photograph. Amat Orriols and Roig Fernàndez, 2003, Butll. Soc. Catalana Herpetol., 16:42–72, discussed and mapped (as Euproctus asper) the species in Andorra. Poschadel and Plath, 2004, Elaphe, 12: 59–67, discussed habitat preference and interpopulation relationships. Montori, Llorente, and García-París, 2008, Zootaxa, 1945: 39-50, reported on geographic variation in allozymes. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 641–642. Nöllert and Nöllert, 1992, Die Amph. Eur.: 159–162, provided a brief account (as Euproctus asper) and polygon map. Rivera, Escoriza, Maluquer-Margalef, Arribas, and Carranza, 2011, Amf. Rept. Catalunya: 43–45, provided a brief account for northeastern Spain, Andorra, and adjacent France. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 172–175, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 78–79, provided a brief account and distribution map. Oromi, Valbuena-Ureña, Soler-Membrives, Amat, Camarasa, Carranza, Sanuy, and Denoël, 2019, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res., 57: 418–430, reported on landscape genetics of lotic and lentic populations. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 151, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map, as well as a photograph. Pottier, Trochet, Dalibard, Laffaille, Guillaume, Baillat, Barbe, Berroneau, Bertrand, Calvez, Campredon, Delmas, De Massary, Goudédranche, Lacaze, Lapierre, Le Roux, Martin, Muratet, Rollet, and Barthe, 2021, Herp me!, 3: 1–124, detailed the range and ecology in the French Pyrenees. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 405–410, provided an account, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map). Talavera, Palmada-Flores, Burriel-Carranza, Valbuena-Ureña, Mochales-Riaño, Adams, Tejero-Cicuéndez, Soler-Membrives, Amat, Guinart, Carbonell, Obon, Marquès-Bonet, and Carranza, 2024, iScience, 27(108665): 1–17, reported on molecular phylogeography and genomic topics.  

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