Triturus marmoratus (Latreille, 1800)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Salamandridae > Subfamily: Pleurodelinae > Genus: Triturus > Species: Triturus marmoratus

Triton gesneri Laurenti, 1768, Spec. Med. Exhib. Synops. Rept.: 38. Type(s): Not stated or known to exist. Type locality: Not stated, although likely in Austria, in which case the name should probably reside in the synonymy of Triturus cristatus–DRF. Synonymy by Cuvier, 1831, Animal Kingdom (M'Murtrie), 2: 87; Schinz, 1833, Naturgesch. Abbild Rept.: 207; Bonaparte, 1840, Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 2: 453; Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 20; Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 261; Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 136; Schreiber, 1875, Herpetol. Eur.: 43. (The diagnosis "Niger, punctis albis in abdomine" is insufficient to distinguish this nominal taxon and the name is therefore a nomen dubium—DRF.)

Salamandra marmorata Latreille, 1800 "An. VIII", Hist. Nat. Salamand. France: 29. Type(s): Not stated although likely originally MNHNP. Type locality: Not stated although clearly within France; restricted by Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 12, to "Paris", France.

Triton marmoratus — Oppel, 1811, Ordn. Fam. Gatt. Rept.: 81.

Salamandra variegata Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828, Résumé Herpetol. Hist. Nat. Rept.: 237. Type(s): Not stated or known to exist. Type locality: "environs de Bordeaux", France. Synonymy by García-París, Monton, and Alonso-Zarazaga, 2004, in García-París et al. (eds.), Fauna Iberica, 24: 593.

Triton marmoratus — Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 208; Schinz, 1833, Naturgesch. Abbild Rept.: 207; Schreiber, 1912, Herpetol. Eur., Ed. 2: 102.

Salamandra elegans Lesson, 1839, Rev. Zool., Paris, 2: 199. Type(s): Not stated; MNHNP 4706 considered holotype by Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 30. Type locality: "environs de Rochefort", France. Junior homonym of Salamandra elegans Daudin, 1803. Synonymy by Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 21. This synonymy only tentatively accepted by Schreiber, 1875, Herpetol. Eur.: 43.

Hemisalamandra marmorata — Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 261.

Salamandra marbree Dugès, 1852, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 3, 17: 261. Name proposed in synonymy of Salamandra marmorata.

Pyronicia marmorata — Gray, 1858, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858: 140.

Triton blasii de l'Isle, 1862, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 4, 17: 364. Syntypes: MNHNP 191 (2 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 7; specimens reported by Guibé considered not to be types by Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 19, who instead regarded MNHNP 5914, and 5915A as syntypes and who noted likely syntypes in the USNM (USNM 11011 [2 specimens] according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 27), and MCVR 343 (2 specimens). Type locality: "environs de Nantes", Loire-Atlantique, France. A hybrid (= Triturus cristatus male X Triturus marmoratus female) according to Peracca, 1886, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 1 (12): 12. Synonymy with Tritron marmoratus by by Strauch, 1870, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 7, 16 (4): 46. (Synonymy not accepted by Schreiber, 1875, Herpetol. Eur.: 46).

Triton (Alethotriton) marmoratus — Fatio, 1872, Fauna Vert. Suisse, 3: 532.

Molge marmorata — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 11.

Triton trouessarti Peracca, 1886, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 1 (12): 9. Type(s): Not designated but presumably in MZUT. Type locality: "Angers (dipartimento di Maine et Loire, Anjou, Francia)". Specifically named as one kind of hybrid between Triturus marmoratus and Triturus cristatus.

Molge blasiusi Bedriaga, 1897 "1896", Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, N.S.,, 10: 343. Substitute name for Triton blasii de l'Isle, 1862.

Triton (Triton) marmoratus — Wolterstorff, 1901, Feuille Jeunes Nat., Ser. 4, 31: 76.

Triturus marmoratus — Dunn, 1918, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62: 453.

Triton (Neotriton) marmoratus — Bolkay, 1927, Glasn. Zemaljskog Muz. Bosni Hercegov., 39: 65; Bolkay, 1928, Z. Anat. Entwicklungesch., 86: 259.

Triturus marmoratus marmoratus — Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 12.

Triturus (Triturus) marmoratus — MacGregor, Sessions, and Arntzen, 1990, J. Evol. Biol., 3: 329.

Triturus (Pyronicia) marmoratus — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 67.

Triturus marmoratus harmannis — Arntzen, 2024, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 93: 264. Holotype: MNCN 51792, by original designation. Type locality: "Arrochela, near Madeirã, Portugal at 39.9386 northern latitude and 8.1025 western longitude. Elevation 396 m a.s.l.". Zoobank Publication Registration: 6DE32B0B-FB92-4F45-80BB-15EBC49DD23E

Common Names

Marbled Newt (Wood, 1863, Illust. Nat. Hist., 3: 181; Hellmich, 1962, Rept. Amph. Eur.: 47; Steward, 1969, Tailed Amph. Eur.: 40; Arnold and Burton, 1978, Field Guide Rept. Amph. Brit. Eur.: 42; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 34; Stumpel-Rienks, 1992, Ergänzungsband Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., Trivialnamen der Herpetofauna Eur.: 67; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36).

Marbled Newt (Triturus marmoratus marmoratus: Steward, 1969, Tailed Amph. Eur.: 40).

Northern Marbled Newt (Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 386).

Harmann’s Marbled Newt (Triturus marmoratus harmannis: Arntzen, 2024, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 93: 267). 

Central Iberian Marbled Newt (Triturus marmoratus harmannis: Arntzen, 2024, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 93: 267). 

Distribution

Northwestern and northeastern Iberia to central and northwestern France, below 2100 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: France, Portugal, Spain

Comment

See Dorda and Esteban, 1986, in Rocek (ed.), Studies in Herpetol.: 159–163, for discussion of geographic variation in the Iberian peninsula. Arntzen and Wallis, 1999, Bijdr. Dierkd., 68: 181–203, reported on geographic variation. See also discussion of relevant literature and distribution by Zuiderwijk, 1997, in Gasc et al. (eds.), Atlas Amph. Rept. Eur.: 82–83. Barbadillo-Escrivá, 1987, Guia INCAFO Anf. Rept. Peninsula Iberica: 105–110, provided an account for the Iberian populations. See comment under Triturus pygmaeus, formerly considered a race of this species. Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 42, provided a brief account, figure, and map, as did Obst in Engelmann, Fritzsche, Günther, and Obst, 1993, Lurche Kriechtiere Eur.: 101–103. Llorente, Montori, Santos, and Carretero, 1995, Atlas Amf. Rept. Catalunya Andorra: 44–45, provided an account and detailed range map for Catalunya. See account by Herrero, Montori, and Arano, 2003, in Grossenbacher and Thiesmeier (eds.), Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., 4(IIA): 515–541. Mateo, Ayres, and López-Jurado, 2011, Bol. Asoc. Herpetol. Esp., 22: 3, discussed introduced populations in Cataluña, Spain. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 135–114, provided a brief account, photo, and map. Nöllert and Nöllert, 1992, Die Amph. Eur.: 229–233, provided a brief account and polygon map. Rivera, Escoriza, Maluquer-Margalef, Arribas, and Carranza, 2011, Amf. Rept. Catalunya: 50–52, provided a brief account for northeastern Spain and adjacent France. Wielstra and Arntzen, 2011, BMC Evol. Biol., 11(162): 1–8, reported ln the molecular phylogeography of the species and its near relatives. Wielstra, Sillero, Vörös, and Arntzen, 2014, Amphibia-Reptilia, 35: 376–381, provided a dot map. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 351–354, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Arntzen, Wielstra, and Wallis, 2014, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 113: 604–622, reported on hybrid/contact zones with Triturus cristatus and Triturus pgymaeus. Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 102–104, provided a brief account and distribution map. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 140, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map, as well as a photograph. Arntzen, López-Delgado, van Riemsdijk, and Wielstra, 2021, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res., 59: 459–465, reported on evidence for a hybrid zone with Triturus pygmaeus having moved 215 km in the Iberian Peninsula. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 384–386, provided an account, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map). Arntzen, 2023, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 138: 75–88, reported on a hybrid zone with Triturus cristatus in western France. Gaczorek, Marszałek, Dudek, Arntzen, Wielstra, and Babik, 2023, Mol. Ecol., 32: 867–880, reported on introgression of the MHC gene across a hybrid zone between Triturus pygmaeus and Triturus cristatus. Arntzen, 2023, Frontiers Biogeograph., 15(3: e59627): 1–19, reported on the gradual replacement in western France of Triturus marmoratus by Triturus cristatus. Arntzen, 2024, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam: 3, provided a polygon distribution map for the Iberian peninsula. Kazilas, Dufresnes, France, Kalaentzis, Martínez-Solano, de Visser, Arntzen, and Wielstra, 2024, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 194 (108043): 1–11, reported on molecular phylogeography of Triturus marmoratus, Triturus pygmaeus, and Triturus rudolfi (as Triturus pygmaeus West). Arntzen, 2024, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 93: 252–267, discussed geographic variation in mt- and nuDNA data and named a new subspecies. Kazilas, Dufresnes, France, Kalaentzis, Martínez-Solano, de Visser, Arntzen, and Wielstra, 2024, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 194(108403): 1–11, reported on geographic genetic patterns and limited introgression with Triturus pygmaeus. Arntzen, 2024, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 93: 445–465, reported on the genetics of hybridization with Triturus cristatus. 

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