Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Aromobates Myers, Paolillo-O., and Daly, 1991

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Dendrobatoidea > Family: Aromobatidae > Subfamily: Aromobatinae > Genus: Aromobates

18 species

Aromobates Myers, Paolillo-O., and Daly, 1991, Am. Mus. Novit., 3002: 4. Type species: Aromobates nocturnus Myers, 1991, by original designation.

Nephelobates La Marca, 1994, Inst. Geograf. Fac. Cienc. Forestal., Univ. Los Andes, An. Invest., 1991: 40. Type species: Phyllobates alboguttatus Boulenger, 1903, by original designation. Synonymy by Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 160.

Common Names

Skunk Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 48).

Distribution

Mérida Andes of Venezuela and adjacent Cordillera Oriental of Colombia.

Comment

Aromobates was conjectured in the original publication to be restricted solely to Aromobates nocturus and the sister-taxon of remaining dendrobatids (now Dendrobatoidea), although similar to the geographically proximate Nephelobates. Grant, Humphrey, and Myers, 1997, Am. Mus. Novit., 3212: 29, suggested a possible relationship of Nephelobates with Aromobates. Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 1-268, redelimited Aromobates to include Nephelobates and provided a well-corrobated phylogeny of the group. Nephelobates was the former Colostethus alboguttatus group of Rivero, 1990 "1988", Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle, 48: 3-32. See comment by Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 377, regarding the generic arrangements of (former) Aromobates, Colostethus, Mannophryne, and Nephelobates. Vences, Kosuch, Boistel, Haddad, La Marca, and Lötters, 2003, Organisms Divers. Evol., 3: 219, also discussed phylogeny within Nephelobates. Barrio-Amorós, Rivero, and Santos, 2011, Zootaxa, 3063: 39-52, suggested that Aromobates is difficult to differentiate from Allobates except by molecular markers; they also confirmed the synonymy of Nephelobates with Aromobates. Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012, Zootaxa, 3422: 1-31, reported on the molecular phylogenetics and systematics of the group. Grant, Rada, Anganoy-Criollo, Batista, Dias, Jeckel, Machado, and Rueda-Almonacid, 2017, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 12 (Special Issue): 1–90, reviewed the systematics of Aromobates as well as previous literature and opinions.

Contained taxa (18 sp.):

Aromobates alboguttatus (Boulenger, 1903)

Aromobates cannatellai Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012

Aromobates capurinensis (Péfaur, 1993)

Aromobates duranti (Péfaur, 1985)

Aromobates ericksonae Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012

Aromobates haydeeae (Rivero, 1978)

Aromobates leopardalis (Rivero, 1978)

Aromobates mayorgai (Rivero, 1980)

Aromobates meridensis (Dole and Durant, 1972)

Aromobates molinarii (La Marca, 1985)

Aromobates nocturnus Myers, Paolillo-O., and Daly, 1991

Aromobates ornatissimus Barrio-Amorós, Rivero, and Santos, 2011

Aromobates orostoma (Rivero, 1978)

Aromobates saltuensis (Rivero, 1980)

Aromobates serranus (Péfaur, 1985)

Aromobates tokuko Rojas-Runjaic, Infante-Rivero, and Barrio-Amorós, 2011

Aromobates walterarpi La Marca and Otero-López, 2012

Aromobates zippeli Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012

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