Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Nanorana chayuensis (Ye, 1977)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Nanorana > Species: Nanorana chayuensis

Rana maculosa chayuensis Ye In Sichuan Institute of Biology Herpetology Department, 1977, Acta Zool. Sinica, 23: 58, 62. Holotype: CIB 73I9524, by original designation. Type locality: "Chayü, Xizang [= Tibet], alt. 1540 m", China.

Paa (Paa) chayuensis — Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1990, Key to Chinese Amph.: 157; Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 320; Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 277.

Nanorana chayuensis — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 239, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 367.

Chaparana (Paa) chayuensis — Ohler and Dubois, 2006, Zoosystema, 28: 781.

Nanorana (Paa) chayuensis — Che, Zhou, Hu, Papenfuss, Wake, and Zhang, 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., doi:10.1073/pnas.1008415107/-/DCSupplemental: 2; Hofmann, Baniya, Litvinchuk, Miehe, Li, and Schmidt, 2019, Ecol. Evol., 9: 14506.

Maculopaa chayuensis — Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 26. See comment under Dicroglossidae.

Common Names

Chayu Paa Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 102; Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 40).

Chayu Spiny Frog (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 212; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 31).

Chayu Mountain Frog (Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 23).

Chau Hill Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 4).

Distribution

Extreme southeastern Tibet and adjacent northwestern Yunnan, China; also reported from Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India; intervening northern Myanmar (Kachin).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of, India, Myanmar

Comment

Dubois, 1980, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 49: 142-147, placed Rana maculosa chayuensis Ye, 1977 (of southern Xizang, China), into the synonymy of Rana arnoldi (= Nanorana arnoldi of this catalog). This synonymy was rejected by Hu, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 503, who noted that Dubois had not examined specimens of Rana maculosa chayuensis. Yang, 1991, Amph. Fauna of Yunnan: 118–120, provided an account (as Nanorana arnoldi). Separate species status for Rana chayuensis was accepted subsequently by Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 320, although the synonymy was accepted, without comment, by Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 138. See account by Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 277; and Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 212-213. Fei and Ye, 2001, Acta Zool. Sinica, 47: 226-230, compared this species with Paa medogensis and Paa arnoldi and considered it to be distinct. See also brief account (as Rana arnoldi) by Zhao and Yang, 1997, Amph. Rept. Hengduan Mountains Region: 83–84 (now reassigned to Nanorana chayuensis). Li, Lu, Li, Zhao, Hou, and Zhang, 2005, Sichuan J. Zool., 24: 248, provided additional localities in Xizang. Deuti and Ayyaswamy, 2008, Herpetol. Rev., 39: 234, provided a record for Neora Valley National Park, Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India, 1850 m elevation. Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 630, implied that this may be a junior synonym of Nanorana annandalii. Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 82–83, provided a brief account (as Paa arnoldi) for Yunnan, China. Records of Nanorana arnoldi from Yunnan, China, were reassigned to Nanorana chayuensis by Che, Hu, Zhou, Murphy, Papenfuss, Chen, Rao, Li, and Zhang, 2009, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 50: 59–73, according to Yuan, Chen, Wu, Li, and Che, 2022, Biodiversity Sci., 30 (4: 21470): 6. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 3: 1401-1406, provided an account (as Paa chayuensis) for China, figures, and map, and included this species in their Paa maculosa group. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 363-364, provided a brief account for China including photographs of specimens and habitat. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 362-363, provided a brief account (as Paa chayuensis) for China. Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 40-41, provided an account (as Paa chayuensis) for Xizang, China. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 452-453, provided an account (as Maculopaa chayuensis), photographs, and a range map for China. Tang, Liao, Peng, Jiang, You, and Chen, 2020, MtDNA, Part B, 5: 772–773, reported on the mtDNA genome. Che, Jiang, Yan, and Zhang, 2020, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 255–260, provided a detailed account for Tibet, China. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 23–24, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.