Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Nanorana yunnanensis (Anderson, 1879 "1878")

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Nanorana > Species: Nanorana yunnanensis

Rana yunnanensis Anderson, 1879 "1878", Anat. Zool. Res.: 839. Syntypes: 2 specimens (now long lost; not mentioned by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 21, and Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 69, noted the specimens were not to be found in the ZSIC); BMNH 1947.2.3.76 (lectotype of Rana phrynoides Boulenger, 1917) designated neotype by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 45. Type locality: "Hotha [= Husa], 5,000 feet above the sea", Yunnan, China. Huang, Hu, Wang, Song, Zhou, and Jiang, 2016, Integrative Zool., 11: 146, invalidly (Art. 74.5) designated a replacement neotype, CIBYN 09060612, from "Husa (N24°47′, E97°89′), Longchuan County, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China" in an attempt to keep the name Rana yunnanensis from being a senior synonym of Rana phrynoides Boulenger, 1917.

Rana phrynoides Boulenger, 1917, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, 20: 413. Syntypes: BMNH 1947.2.3.76–82; BMNH 1947.2.3.76 designated lectotype by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 45. Type locality: "Yunnan at Tongchuan fu", Yunnan, China, corrected to Dongchuan District of Kunming City by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 45, and Huang, Hu, Wang, Song, Zhou, and Jiang, 2016, Integrative Zool., 11: 144.

Rana (Rana) phrynoides — Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 8.

Rana (Rana) yunnanensis — Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 8.

Rana (Paa) yunnanensis — Dubois, 1975, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 3, Zool., 324: 1098; Dubois, 1976, Cah. Nepal., Doc., 6: 24; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 43.

Paa (Paa) yunnanensis — Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1990, Key to Chinese Amph.: 158; Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 279; Fei and Ye, 2001, Color Handbook Amph. Sichuan: 187.

Paa (Gynandropaa) yunnanensis — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 319.

Rana yunnanensis — Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 151.

Rana (Paa) phrynoides — Dubois, 1975, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 3, Zool., 324: 1097; Dubois, 1976, Cah. Nepal., Doc., 6: 24.

Nanorana yunnanensis — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 239, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 367.

Gynandropaa (Gynandropaa) yunnanensis — Ohler and Dubois, 2006, Zoosystema, 28: 781.

Nanorana (Chaparana) yunnanensis — Che, Zhou, Hu, Papenfuss, Wake, and Zhang, 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 107(31): 2 Hofmann, Baniya, Litvinchuk, Miehe, Li, and Schmidt, 2019, Ecol. Evol., 9: 14506.

Gynandropaa yunnanensis — Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 25.

Gynandropaa phrynoides — Huang, Hu, Wang, Song, Zhou, and Jiang, 2016, Integrative Zool., 11: 144.

Nanorana phrynoides — Sun, Fu, Jin, Murphy, Hillis, Zhang, and Che, 2018, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA: 10634.

Nanorana (Chaparana) phrynoides — Tang, Liu, and Yu, 2023, Animals, 13(3427): 17.

Common Names

双团棘胸蛙 (Chinese: Wang, Ren, Chen, Lyu, Guo, Jiang, Chen, Li, Guo, Wang, and Che, 2020, Biodiversity Sci., 28: App. 1: 11).

Yunnan Mountain Frog (Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 24).

Yunnan Paa Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 103).

Yunnan Spiny Frog (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 220).

Distribution

Higher elevations of southwestern China (Guizhou, Yunnan, southeastern Sichuan, Chonging, southwestern Hunan provinces) to Upper Myanmar (and presumably intervening Laos).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of, Myanmar

Likely/Controversially Present: Laos

Comment

Huang, Hu, Wang, Song, Zhou, and Jiang, 2016, Integrative Zool., 11: 146, invalidly (Art. 74.5) designated a replacement neotype for Rana yunnanensis Anderson, 1879, in order to keep the name Rana yunnanensis from being a senior synonym of Rana phrynoides Boulenger, 1917. The invalidity of this neotype designation prevents this outcome. However, this action did inject a lot of uncertainty into subsequent literature. Discussed (as Rana phrynoides and Rana yunnanensis) by Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 69, 73; Liu, 1950, Fieldiana, Zool. Mem., 2: 272–277; Pope, 1931, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 61: 499–500; and Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 293–295, 299–301. See accounts by Yang, 1991, Amph. Fauna of Yunnan: 161-163 (Rana yunnanensis); and Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 286; Zhao and Yang, 1997, Amph. Rept. Hengduan Mountains Region: 100-101; Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 219-221; Fei and Ye, 2001, Color Handbook Amph. Sichuan: 187. Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 87–88, provided a brief account (as Paa yunnanensis) for Yunnan, China. See illustration, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Paa yunnanensis) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 491–492. Chen and Ye, 2009, Zool. Res., Kunming, 30: 662-670, reported on a predictive distribution of the species in Yunnan, China, apparently in the sense of including Nanorana bourreti in synonymy. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 3: 1421-1429, provided accounts (as Paa yunnanensis) for China, figures, and map, and included this species in their Paa yunnanensis group. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 380 (as Paa yunnanensis), provided a brief account including photographs of specimens and habitat. Chen, 2011, Stud. Phylogeogr. Paa yunnanensis: 1–129, reported on molecular phylogeography and considered Paa sichuanensis, Paa bourreti, and Paa liui to be synonyms of Paa yunnanensis, although this was not followed by subsequent authors. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.:449, provided an account (Gynandropaa yunnanensis), photographs, and range maps for China.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China