Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Ranitomeya Bauer, 1986

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Dendrobatoidea > Family: Dendrobatidae > Subfamily: Dendrobatinae > Genus: Ranitomeya

16 species

Ranitomeya Anonymous, 1985, Ripa, Netherlands, April: 2. Type species: Dendrobates reticulatus Boulenger, 1884 "1883", by original designation. Unavailable name by reason of anonymous ("L.B.") publication.

Ranitomeya Bauer, 1986, Ripa, Netherlands, November: 11. Type species: Dendrobates reticulatus Boulenger, 1884 "1883", by original designation.

Ranitomeya Bauer, 1988, Het Paludarium, Netherlands, November: 2. Type species: Dendrobates reticulatus Boulenger, 1884 "1883", by original designation.

Nomina inquirenda - Name(s) unassigned to a living or extinct population

Dendrobates rubrocephalus Schulte, 1999, Pfeilgiftfrösche: 138. Holotype: R. Schulte Collection BD 5H, to be deposited in the MUSM, by original designation. Type locality: "Ceja de Selva, Ostandenabhang und vielleicht vorgelagerte Ostkordilleren, Dep. Pasco und Junin, Höhe vermutlich zwischen 600 und 1500 m." * Ranitomeya rubrocephala—Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 171. Twomey, Brown and Lötters IN Brown, Twomey, Amézquita, Souza, Caldwell, Lötters, von May, Melo-Sampaio, Mejía-Vargas, Pérez-Peña, Pepper, Poelman, Sanchez-Rodriguez, and Summers, 2011, Zootaxa, 3083: 90, regarded this poorly diagnosed taxon to be a nomen dubium, not associable with a living population of organisms.

English Names

None noted.

Distribution

Slopes of the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; Amazon drainage of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil, possibly into Bolivia, from the foothills of the Andes east to the mouth of the Amazon and north into French Guiana.

Comment

Genus redelimited and revised by Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299. Brown, Twomey, Pepper, and Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2008, Zootaxa, 1823: 1-24, revised the Ranitomeya fantastica group and provided a cladogram of the species. Santos, Coloma, Summers, Caldwell, Ree, and Cannatella, 2009, PLoS Biol., 7(3)e56: 0001-0014, disputed the separation from Dendrobates, but did not falsify the phylogenetic structure upon which that taxonomy was based. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their study of Genbank sequences, confirmed the earlier result and adopted the same taxonomy. Brown, Twomey, Amézquita, Souza, Caldwell, Lötters, von May, Melo-Sampaio, Mejía-Vargas, Pérez-Peña, Pepper, Poelman, Sanchez-Rodriguez, and Summers, 2011, Zootaxa, 3083: 1-120, rejected this synonymy and reviewed and revised the genus, which they considered the sister taxon of Andinobates. Krings, Klein, Heneka, and Rödder, 2017, PLoS One, 12(2: e0171669): 1–29, reported on detailed comparative anatomy of five species of Ranitomeya: Ranitomeya vanzolinii, Ranitomeya imitator, Ranitomeya reticulata, Ranitomeya benedicta, Ranitomeya amazonica.

Contained taxa (16 sp.):

Ranitomeya amazonica (Schulte, 1999)

Ranitomeya benedicta Brown, Twomey, Pepper, and Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2008

Ranitomeya cyanovittata Pérez-Peña, Chávez, Twomey, and Brown, 2010

Ranitomeya defleri Twomey and Brown, 2009

Ranitomeya fantastica (Boulenger, 1884)

Ranitomeya flavovittata (Schulte, 1999)

Ranitomeya imitator (Schulte, 1986)

Ranitomeya reticulata (Boulenger, 1884)

Ranitomeya sirensis (Aichinger, 1991)

Ranitomeya summersi Brown, Twomey, Pepper, and Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2008

Ranitomeya toraro Brown, Caldwell, Twomey, Melo-Sampaio, and Souza, 2011

Ranitomeya uakarii (Brown, Schulte, and Summers, 2006)

Ranitomeya vanzolinii (Myers, 1982)

Ranitomeya variabilis (Zimmermann and Zimmermann, 1988)

Ranitomeya ventrimaculata (Shreve, 1935)

Ranitomeya yavaricola Pérez-Peña, Chávez, Twomey, and Brown, 2010

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