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Osteopilus Fitzinger, 1843
Osteopilus Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 30. Type species: Trachycephalus marmoratus Duméril and Bibron, 1841 (=Hyla septentrionalis Duméril and Bibron, 1841).
Calyptahyla Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 24: 41. Type species: Trachycephalus lichenatus Gosse, 1851 (= Hyla crucialis Harlan, 1826), by original designation. Synonymy by Henderson and Powell, 2003, In Henderson and Powell (eds.), Islands and the Sea: 13.
Common Names
Cuban Treefrogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 61).
West Indian Treefrogs (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 66; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 12; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 11).
Antilles Frogs (Calyptahyla [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 52).
North Caribbean Treefrogs (Hedges, Powell, Henderson, Hanson, and Murphy, 2019, Caribb. Herpetol., 67: 13).
Distribution
The Greater Antilles, Jamaica, Bahama Islands, and introduced into part of southern USA and Hawaii.
Comment
For a review of the genus and species accounts see Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 24: 1–60. According to immunological evidence presented by Maxson, 1992, in Adler (ed.), Curr. Res. Biol. Amph. Rept.: 49, Osteopilus is paraphyletic with respect to Calyptahyla and most species of West Indian Hyla. (See also comment by Hedges, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 101, who suggested that other unpublished data supported the same conclusion. But, Anderson, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154-168, provided karyological evidence that may be in conflict.) Crombie, 1999, in Crother (ed.), Caribb. Amph. Rept.: 89, suggested that an unnamed species existed in Jamaica, similar to Osteopilus brunneus, that obviated any diagnotic difference from Calyptahyla. Delfino, Terreni, Brizzi, and Nosi, 2002, J. Morphol., 253: 176–186, suggested a close relationship with Phrynohyas on the basis of cell ultrastructure. The various authors in Henderson and Powell, 2003, Islands and the Sea, casually transferred Calyptahyla, Hyla vasta, Hyla pulchrilineata, Hyla marianae, and Hyla wilderae into Osteopilus, as commented on by Powell and Henderson, 2003, Herpetol. Rev., 34: 341–342. In Lophyohylini of Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell, and Wheeler, 2005, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 294: 107–108. Moen and Wiens, 2009, Evolution, 63: 195–214, reported on the molecular phylogenetics of Osteopilus. Elliot, Gerhardt, and Davidson, 2009, Frogs and Toads of N. Am.: 120–121, provided an account, photos, and advertisement call. Blotto, Lyra, Cardoso, Rodrigues, Dias, Marciano, Vechio, Orrico, Brandão, Assis, Lantyer-Silva, Rutherford, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Solé, Baldo, Nunes, Cajade, Torres, Grant, Jungfer, Silva, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Cladistics, 37: 36–72, reported on the molecular phylogenetics of this group as well as its placement within the lophiohylines. Ali and Hedges, 2021, J. Biogeograph., 48: 2699–2707, discussed Antillean biogeography employing Osteopilus as one of the exemplars.
Contained taxa (8 sp.):
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