Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Brachytarsophrys Tian and Hu, 1983

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Megophryidae > Subfamily: Megophryinae > Genus: Brachytarsophrys

9 species

Brachytarsophrys Tian and Hu, 1983, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 2 (2): 42, 47. Type species: Leptobrachium carinensis Boulenger, 1899, by original designation.

Brachytarsophrys — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 23; Mahony, Foley, Biju, and Teeling, 2017, Mol. Biol. Evol., 34: 754. Treatment as a subgenus of Megophrys.

Brachytarsophrys — Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 116; Jiang, Yuan, Xie, and Zheng, 2003, Zool. Res., Kunming, 24: 246. Chen, Zhou, Poyarkov, Stuart, Brown, Lathrop, Wang, Yuan, Jiang, Hou, Chen, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Duong, Papenfuss, Murphy, Zhang, and Che, 2017, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 106: 29. Treatment as a genus.

Common Names

Karin Hills Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 85).

Short-Legged Toads (Li, Zhang, Lyu, Wang, Li, Liu, Chen, Rao, Jin, Zhang, and Wang, 2020, Zool. Res., Kunming: 113).

Distribution

Southern China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, and northern Thailand.

Comment

Considered a subgenus of Megophrys by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 23, but retained as a genus by Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 116. Rao and Yang, 1997, Asiat. Herpetol. Res., 7: 103–107, discussed systematics and distribution of the species. Xie and Wang, 2000, Cultum Herpetol. Sinica, 8: 356–370, discussed evidence of the monophyly of this taxon as well as character conflict regarding the monophyly of this taxon. Xu, 2005, Sichuan J. Zool., 24: 337–339, rejected this taxon on karyological grounds. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 329–346, provided a key and accounts for the Chinese species. See comment under Megophryidae. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543–583, noted the paraphyly of Xenophrys (now redelimited–DRF) with respect to this taxon. The genus was reviewed, an identification key provided, and species groups delimited by molecular and morphological evidence by Li, Zhang, Lyu, Wang, Li, Liu, Chen, Rao, Jin, Zhang, and Wang, 2020, Zool. Res., Kunming: 105–122, these being the Brachytarsophrys carinense group (Brachytarsophrys carinense, Brachytarsophrys intermedia) and the Brachytarsophrys feae group (Brachytarsophrys chuannanensis, Brachytarsophrys feae, Brachytarsophrys orientalis, Brachytarsophrys platyparietus, and Brachytarsophrys popei [with Brachytarsophrys qiannanensis recently included). These groups were also recognized by Qi, Lyu, Wang, Mo, Zeng, Zeng, Dai, Li, Grismer, and Wang, 2021, Zootaxa, 5072: 430, and Lyu, Qi, Wang, Zhang, Zhao, Zeng, Wan, Yang, Mo, and Wang, 2023, Zool. Res., Kunming, 44: 380–450.

Contained taxa (9 sp.):

Brachytarsophrys carinense (Boulenger, 1889)

Brachytarsophrys chuannanensis Fei, Ye, and Huang, 2001

Brachytarsophrys feae (Boulenger, 1887)

Brachytarsophrys intermedius (Smith, 1921)

Brachytarsophrys orientalis Li, Lyu, Wang, and Wang, 2020

Brachytarsophrys platyparietus Rao and Yang, 1997

Brachytarsophrys popei Zhao, Yang, Chen, Chen, and Wang, 2014

Brachytarsophrys qiannanensis Li, Liu, Yang, Wei, and Su, 2022

Brachytarsophrys wenshanensis Hem Huang, Li, Chen, and Yuan, 2024

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