Microhyla butleri Boulenger, 1900

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Microhylidae > Subfamily: Microhylinae > Genus: Microhyla > Species: Microhyla butleri

Microhyla Butleri Boulenger, 1900, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, 6: 188. Holotype: Selangor Mus. (now MNM), according to original publication; BMNH 1901.3.20.5, according to Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 132; now renumberd 1947.1.11.70, according to museum records. Type locality: "Larut Hills at 4,000 feet", Perak, Malaya (Malaysia). Given in error by Gee and Boring, 1929, Peking Nat. Hist. Bull., 4: 26, as "Tonkin", Vietnam.

Microhyla boulengeri Vogt, 1913, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1913: 222. Syntypes: ZMB 23334 (2 specimens) according to Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 132, and Bauer, Günther, and Robeck, 1996, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 72: 265, although the original publication only mentions one specimen. Type locality: "Hainan", China. Tentative synonymy by Parker, 1928, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 2: 484.

Microhyla latastii Boulenger, 1920, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 6: 107. Syntypes: BMNH 1920.1.20.4054a (2 specimens, now reregistered as 1947.1.11.71–72 according to museum records), according to Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 132. Type locality: "Saigon, Cochin China [= Vietnam]". Synonymy by Smith, 1922, J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 4: 214; Parker, 1928, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 2: 484.

Microhyla grahami Stejneger, 1924, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 119. Holotype: USNM 65936, by original designation. Type locality: "Suifu [= Yibin Shi], Province of Szechwan [= Sichuan Province], China". Synonymy by Parker, 1928, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 2: 484.

Microhyla sowerbyi Stejneger, 1924, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 119. Holotype: USNM 65309, by original designation. Type locality: "Near Yen-ping-fu [=Nanping Shi], Province of Fukien [=Fujian], China". Tentative synonymy by Parker, 1928, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 2: 484; this synonymy confirmed by Pope, 1931, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 61: 593.

Microhyla cantonensis Chen, 1929, China J. Sci. Arts, Shanghai, 10: 338. Holotype: Zool. Laboratory of Sun Yat-sen Univ. 1201, by original designation; status of this specimen currently not known (DRF). Type locality: "in a pond in the northern part about one mile from [north of] Cantoncity [=Guangzhou Shi]", Guangdong, China. Provisional synonymy by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 514; Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 162.

Microhyla fusca Andersson, 1942, Ark. Zool., 34(6): 9. Holotype: Not stated; NHRM 1897, according to Poyarkov, Solovyeva, Nguyen, and Geissler, 2020, Zootaxa, 4834: 513. Type locality: "Dalat", southern Vietnam; considered to be "Da Lat City located in the middle part of Da Lat (Langbian) Plateau in Lam Dong Province of southern Vietnam" by Poyarkov, Solovyeva, Nguyen, and Geissler, 2020, Zootaxa, 4834: 513, who made the synonymy. 

Microhyla (Microhyla) butleri — Dubois, 1987, Alytes, 6: 3.

Common Names

Butler's Narrow-mouthed Toad (Lue, Tu, and Hsiang, 1999, Atlas Taiwan Amph. Rept.: 56; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 53).

Butler's Rice Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 90).

Butler's Ricefrog (Lue, Tu, and Hsiang, 1999, Atlas Taiwan Amph. Rept.: 56).

Butler's Pigmy Frog (Karsen, Lau, and Bogadek, 1986, Hong Kong Amph. Rept.: 35).

Painted Chorus Frog (Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 42).

Tubercled Pygmy Frog (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 290).

Noisy Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 102).

Butler's Narrowmouth Frog (Zug and Mulcahy, 2020 "2019", Amph. Rept. S. Tanintharyi: 45). 

Brown Rice Frog (Microhyla fusca [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 90).

Dalat Pigmy Frog (Microhyla fusca [no longer recognized]: Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 44).

Painted Narrow Mouthed Frog (Neang and Holden, 2008, Field Guide Amph. Cambodia: 64).

Butler’s Narrow-Mouth Frog (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 40; Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 31). 

Noisy Chorus Frog (Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 224).

Butler's Chorus Frog (Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 224; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 7).

Distribution

Southern China from Yunnan and eastern Sichuan to Zhejiang, and Hainan; Taiwan; northeastern India (see comment); Myanmar; Vietnam (throughout except for Mekong Delta); Cambodia (Cardamom Mountains and Mondulkiri Province); Laos; Thailand (Chiang Mai to Narathiwat in the west and Nakhon Ratchasima in the east); Malay Peninsula and Singapore; northern Sumatra, Indonesia.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Cambodia, China, People's Republic of, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Myanmar, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

Comment

Subgenus Microhyla, Microhyla berdmorei group. See Chang, 1947, Trans. Chinese Assoc. Adv. Sci., 9: 97, and Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 120–121. Heyer, 1971, Fieldiana, Zool., 58: 61–82, reported on the call from Thailand. See accounts by Liu, 1950, Fieldiana, Zool. Mem., 2: 252–253; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 515–516; Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 557–559; Yang, 1991, Amph. Fauna of Yunnan: 236–237; Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 341; and Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 290–291. Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 42, and Karsen, Lau, and Bogadek, 1986, Hong Kong Amph. Rept.: 35, provided brief accounts. Fei and Ye, 2001, Color Handbook Amph. Sichuan: 220, provided a brief account and illustration. See brief account and photo by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 62. Huang, 1990, Fauna Zhejiang, Amph. Rept.: 89–90, provided an account for Zhejiang populations. Zhang and Wen, 2000, Amph. Guangxi: 143, provided an account for Guangxi. See also brief account by Zhao and Yang, 1997, Amph. Rept. Hengduan Mountains Region: 137–138. Reported for southwestern Cambodia by Ohler, Swan, and Daltry, 2002, Raffles Bull. Zool., 50: 465–481. Stuart, 1999, in Duckworth et al. (eds.), Wildlife in Lao PDR: 49, commented on the range in Laos. Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 102–103, provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. Teynié, David, Ohler, and Luanglath, 2004, Hamadryad, 29: 36, commented on its distribution in Laos. Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 44, provided specific localities for Vietnam. Stuart, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 476, provided specific localities for Laos. Lue, Tu, and Hsiang, 1999, Atlas Taiwan Amph. Rept.: 56–57, provided a brief account for Taiwan. Lalremsanga, Sailo, and Hooroo, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 348–348, provided a record for Mizoram, northeastern India. Neang and Holden, 2008, Field Guide Amph. Cambodia: 64, provided a photograph, brief account of identification, ecology, and range in Cambodia. Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 123–124, provided a brief account for Yunnan, China. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 884–890, provided an account, spot map for China, and assigned this species to their Microhyla butleri group. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 480–481, provided a brief account for China including photographs of specimens and habitat. Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood, and Ahmad, 2010, Russ. J. Herpetol., 17: 147–160, reported localities from the Banjaran Bintang Mountains, northwestern peninsular Malaysia. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 46–47, provided a photograph and brief account for eastern Thailand, and (p. 131, detailed the distribution in Thailand. Shi, 2011, Amph. Rept. Fauna Hainan: 48–49, provided an account for Hainan. Thong-aree, Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Thailand Nat. Hist. Mus. J., 5: 99–106, reported the species from Bala Forest, Narathiwat, extreme southern Thailand. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 566, provided an account, photographs, and a range map for China. Shahriza and Ibrahim, 2014, Check List, 10: 253–259, provided a photograph and brief natural history observations for a population in Kedah, West Malaysia. Manthey and Denzer, 2014, Sauria, Berlin, 36: 3–21, provided some morphology and color notes.  Yong, Song, Lim, Eamsobhana, and Tan, 2016, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 66: 243–253, reported on a complete mt genome. See account, photograph, and map for Vietnam in Vassilieva, Galoyan, Poyarkov, and Geissler, 2016, Photograph. Field Guide Amph. Rept. Lowland S. Vietnam: 73–74. Guo, Yang, and Li, 2009, Colored Illust. Amph. Rept. Taiwan: 66–67, provided a brief account, photographs, and map. Shen, 2014, Fauna Hunan, Amph.: 333–336, provided an account for Hunan, China. Li, 2011, Amph. Rept. Guangdong: 72, provided a brief account for Guangdong, China, and photograph. Hecht, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Bonkowski, and Ziegler, 2013, Biodiversity J., 4: 507–552, reported a record from Tay Yen Tu Nature Reserve, Bac Giang Province, northeastern Vietnam and discussed the range. Poyarkov, Nguyen, Duong, Gorin, and Yang, 2018, PeerJ, 6 (e5771): 17, provided a record for Cat Ba National Park, Hai Phong Province, Vietnam. Zhang, 2017, Amph. Rept. Fanjing Mts.: 177–179, provided taxonomic and natural history information for the Fanjing Mountains population in northeastern Guizhou, China. Mulcahy, Lee, Miller, Chand, Thura, and Zug, 2018, ZooKeys, 757: 95, provided a genetically confirmed record from Taninthary Division, southern Myanmar. Garg, Suyesh, Das, Jiang, Wijayathilaka, Amarasinghe, Alhadi, Vineeth, Aravind, Senevirathne, Meegaskumbura, and Biju, 2018 "2019", Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 69: 1–71, noted that the record from Mizoram, northeastern India, likely corresponds to either Microhyla berdmorei or an unnamed species allied with that form. Zug and Mulcahy, 2020 "2019", Amph. Rept. S. Tanintharyi: 45–46, provided a brief account for South Tanintharyi, peninsular Myanmar. Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 224–225, provided a brief account (photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai). Gorin, Solovyeva, Hasan, Okamiya, Karunarathna, Pawangkhanant, de Silva, Juthong, Milto, Nguyen, Suwannapoom, Haas, Bickford, Das, and Poyarkov, 2020, PeerJ, 8 (e9411): 1–47, placed this species in their Microhyla butleri group and noted that it is a species complex. Poyarkov, Solovyeva, Nguyen, and Geissler, 2020, Zootaxa, 4834: 513–517, discussed the holotype and taxonomic status of Microhyla fusca, resulting in its synonymy with Microhyla butleri. Makchai, Chuaynkern, Safoowong, Chuachat, and Cota, 2020, Amph. N. Thailand: 117, provided a brief account, photographs, and a range map for Thailand. Pham, Do, Ngo, Tran, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2020, Check List, 16: 1025–1041, provided a record from Hai Ha District, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, on the Guangxi, China, border. Gorin, Scherz, Korost, and Poyarkov, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., 97 : supplementary information, provided genetically-confirmed records from Vietnam (Thua Thien-Hu, Hai Phong, Ba Ria, Bao Loc, Lam Dong, and Quang Binh provinces), Taiwan, peninsular Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur and Kedah), Myanmar (Kachin province). Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 31, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar. Figueroa, Low, and Lim, 2023, Zootaxa, 5287: 1–378, provided (as Microhyla cf. butleri) records, literature, and conservation status for Singapore. Atmaja, Eprilurahman, Munir, Smith, Arisuryanti, Ubaidillah, and Hamidy, 2024, Taprobanica, 13: 92, provided genetically-confirmed records from Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia. 

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