Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Rana > Species: Rana arvalis

Rana terrestris Andrzejowski, 1832, Nouv. Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 2: 342. Syntypes: Several specimens noted but current deposition unknown, probably originally in ZMM. Type locality: "Podolia australis et Gubernium Chersonense"; given as "Unteres Bug-Gebiet, Südrussland" by Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 21; given as Bug region, western Ukraine (see Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 313). Synonymy by Boulenger, 1898, Tailless Batr. Eur., 2: 288. Preoccupied by Rana terrestris Bonnaterre, 1789 (= Anaxyrus terrestris). Regarded by Nikolskii, 1918, Fauna Rossii, Zemnovodnye: 179, as a junior synonym of Bufo obstetricans. Synonymy by Borkin, 1975, Zool. Zh., 54: 1410-1411.

Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842, Skandanavisk Herpetol.: 92. Syntypes: ZMLU by original designation; ZMLU 1 designated lectotype by Gislén in Gislén and Kauri, 1959, Acta Vert., Stockholm, 1: 301. Type locality: "Calmare Län", southern Sweden.

Rana oxyrrhinus Steenstrup, 1846, Versamml. Deutsch. Naturforsch. Aerzte, Kiel, 24: 134. Types: ZMUC by original designation. Type locality: "Dänemark". Synonymy with Rana temporaria Linnaeus and Rana arvalis by Steenstrup, 1869, Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., Ser. 2, 1869: 1. Synonymy of Rana arvalis under Rana temporaria oxyrrhina by Schreiber, 1875, Herpetol. Eur.: 125; Boulenger, 1879, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 4: 169; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 45.

Rana angustifrongs Schiff in Thomas, 1855, Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Ser. 4, 4: 371. Substitute name for Rana oxyrrhinus Steenstrup.

Rana temporaria var. oxyrrhina — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 16, by implication; Boulenger, 1879, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 4: 169; Schreiber, 1875, Herpetol. Eur.: 125. Günther

Rana temporaria var. arvalis — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 16, by implication of treating Rana arvalis Nilsson as a regional subtaxon of Rana temporaria.

Rana oxyrhina — Filippi, 1865, Note di un Viaggio in Persia nel 1862, 1: 357. Incorrect subsequent spelling. Considered to have been based on specimens of Rana camerani by Boulenger, 1898, Tailless Batr. Eur., 2: 298.

Rana oxyrhinus var. striatus Koch, 1872, Ber. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 1871–72: 144. Types: Not designated, presumably originally in SMF although not mentioned in type catalogue of Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 1-106. Type locality: "im Hengster bei Offenbach und bei Mannheim" Germany.

Rana (Crotaphitis) arvalis — Schulze, 1891, Jahresber. Abhandl. Naturwiss. Ver. Magdeburg, 1890: 176.

Rana arvalis altaica Kashchenko, 1899, Rezult. Altaiskoi Eksped.: 122. Type(s): Not stated; likely ZISP 2108, 2120-21; NHMW 14843 considered a syntype by Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 31. Type locality: Lower Ujmon, Ongudaj, Cherga, and Altajskoe, Altai region, southwestern Siberia, Russia. Synonymy by Bannikov, Darevsky, Eshchenko, Rustamov, and Shcherbak, 1977, Operd. Zemn. I Presm. Fauny SSSR: 58; Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 316, 349; and Yang, Zhou, Rao, Poyarkov, Kuzmin, and Che, 2010, Zool. Res., Kunming, 31: 353.

Rana arvalis var. striata — Nikolskii, 1905, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 8, 17: 360.

Rana altaica — Kashchenko, 1909, Annu. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 14: 129 (based on specimens of  Rana amurensis according to Borkin in Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 138). 

Rana arvalis wolterstorffi Fejérváry, 1919, Ann. Hist. Nat. Mus. Natl. Hungarici, 17: 179. Types: MNH by original designation. Type localities: "Budapest, the Transylvanian Counties and Sclavonia", Hungary. Restricted to "Budapest", Hungary by Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 21. Subspecies rejected by Stugren, 1966, Ann. Zool. Fenn., Helsinki, 3: 32.

Rana terrestris altaica natio issaitschikovi Terentjev, 1927, Proc. Second Congr. Russ. Zool. Anat. Histol.: 70-72. Syntypes: ZMM A-675 (18 specimens). Type locality: Swamp and tundra in the vicinity of Arkhangelsk, Russia. Incorrect original spelling was issaltschikovi. Placed on Official List of Specific Names in Zoology by Anonymous, 1962, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 19: 280-281. Synonymy by Bannikov, Darevsky, Eshchenko, Rustamov, and Shcherbak, 1977, Operd. Zemn. I Presm. Fauny SSSR: 57; by implication. See Dunayev and Orlova, 1994, Russ. J. Herpetol., 1: 65-66, for discussion of this name. Gislén and Kauri, 1959, Acta Vert., Stockholm, 1: 306, suggested that this taxon resembles Rana altaica, not Rana arvalis, both now considered conspecific.

Rana terrestris terrestris — Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 21.

Rana terrestris wolterstorffi — Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 21.

Rana arvalis arvalis — Lindholm, 1929, Zool. Anz., 85: 78. Mertens and Müller, 1940, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 451: 7.

Rana asiatica var. oxyrrhinus — Pavlov, 1933, Publ. Mus. Hoang Ho Pai Ho, Tien-Tsin, 23: 8.

Rana arvalis wolterstorffi — Mertens and Müller, 1940, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 451: 7.

Rana arvalis issaltschikovi — Mertens and Wermuth, 1960, Amph. Rept. Europas: 53.

Rana wolterstorffi — Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 148. Unsubstantiated change.

Rana altaica — Ye, Fei, and Xiang, 1981, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, 5 (18): 121.

Rana (Rana) altaica — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 41, by implication; Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 333; Fei, Ye, Huang, Jiang, and Xie, 2005, in Fei et al. (eds.), Illust. Key Chinese Amph.: 107.

Rana (Rana) arvalis — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 41, by implication; Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 333; Yuan, Zhou, Chen, Poyarkov, Chen, Jang-Liaw, Chou, Matzke, Iizuka, Min, Kuzmin, Zhang, Cannatella, Hillis, and Che, 2016, Syst. Biol., 65: 835.

Rana terrestris — Dunayev and Orlova, 1994, Russ. J. Herpetol., 1: 63; Pikulik, 1996, Zemnavodnyia Pauzuny: 88.

Rana (Laurasiarana) arvalis — Hillis and Wilcox, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 34: 311, by implication; see Dubois, 2006, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 42: 317-330, and Hillis, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 42: 331-338, for discussion.

Common Names

Wolterstorff's Frog (Rana arvalus wolterstorffi [no longer recognized]: Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 139).

Moor Frog (Hellmich, 1962, Rept. Amph. Eur.: 71; Hellmich, 1962, Rept. Amph. Eur.: 66; Arnold and Burton, 1978, Field Guide Rept. Amph. Brit. Eur.: 80; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 120; Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 313; Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 82).

Moorfrog (Stumpel-Rienks, 1992, Ergänzungsband Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., Trivialnamen der Herpetofauna Eur.: 54).

Swedish Swamp Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 106).

Siberian Frog (Rana altaica [no longer recognized]: Borkin and Kuzmin, 1988, in Vorobyeva and Darevsky (eds.), Amph. Rept. Mongolian P. Rep.: 248; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 106).

Altai Brown Frog (Rana altaica [no longer recognized]: Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 156).

Distribution

Northeastern France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, adjacent southeastern Norway, and Finland south to the Alps, northern Romania, and east to Siberia (up to Yakutia, 124° E and the Altai); extreme northern Xinjiang (China) and northwestern Mongolia. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, China, People's Republic of, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine

Comment

In the section Rana, subgenus Rana, Rana arvalis group of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 333. Discussed by Borkin, 1975, Zool. Zh., 54: 1410-1411. See comment under Rana altaica. See also Stugren, 1966, Ann. Zool. Fenn., Helsinki, 3: 29-39, for discussion of geographic variation. See accounts by Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 313-330, and Kuzmin, 2013, Amph. Former Soviet Union, Ed. 2: 195–203, for the former USSR.. Rafinski and Babik, 2000, Heredity, 84: 610-618, reported on phylogeography of the populations within this taxon. Lanza, 1983, Guide Reconoscimento Spec. Animali, Anf. Rett.: 119-122, reported on the Italian populations. Nöllert and Nöllert, 1992, Die Amph. Eur.: 314-320, provided an account and polygon map for Europe. Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 82-83, provided a brief account, figure, and map.See accounts (as Rana altaica) by Ye, Fei, and Xiang, 1981, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, 5 (18): 121, Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 211; and Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 156-157. Brief account for Europe provided by Günther IN Engelmann, Fritzsche, Günther, and Obst, 1993, Lurche Kriechtiere Eur.: 160-161, and Ishchenko, 1997, in Gasc et al. (eds.), Atlas Amph. Rept. Eur.: 128-129. Gislén and Kauri, 1959, Acta Vert., Stockholm, 1: 300-312, reported on Swedish populations. Pikulik, 1996, Zemnavodnyia Pauzuny: 88-93, provided an account (as Rana terrestris) for the Belarus population. Babik, Branicki, Sandera, Litvinchuk, Borkin, Irwin, and Rafinski, 2004, Mol. Ecol., 13: 1469-1480, reported on molecular phylogeography. In the Rana amurensis group of Fei, Ye, Huang, Jiang, and Xie, 2005, in Fei et al. (eds.), Illust. Key Chinese Amph.: 107; by implication. Li, Lu, and Li, 2005, Sichuan J. Zool., 24: 268-270, provided a distribution map for China (as Rana altaica). Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 3: 1025-1028, provided an account (as Rana altaica; without discussion, figures, and map for China and included it in their Rana amurensis group. Glandt and Jehle, 2008, Der Moorfrosch, provided a number of studies and reports in their edited volume on the diversity of morphs, distribution, habitats, behavior, and historical biogeography, as well as perspectives on conservation of the species. De Jong and Vos, 2009, in Creemers and van Delft (eds.), Amph. Rept. Nederland: 199-208, provided a detailed account for the Netherlands. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 259 (as Rana altaica) and 260-261 (as Rana arvalis), provided brief accounts including photographs. Yang, Zhou, Rao, Poyarkov, Kuzmin, and Che, 2010, Zool. Res., Kunming, 31: 353360, examined the status of Rana altaica in terms of molecular phylogenetics and found it to be a synonymy of Rana arvalis. They also removed Rana arvalis from the Rana amurensis group to the Rana temporaria group on the basis of phylogenetic proximity. Hangartner, Laurila, and Räsänen, 2011, BMC Evol. Biol.: 1-12, reported on phenotypic divergence on an acidification gradient. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 293, provided an account (as Rana altaica), illustrations, and a range map for China. Cogǎlniceanu, Székely, Samoilă, Iosif, Tudor, Plăiaşu, Stănescu, and Rozylowicz, 2013, ZooKeys, 296: 35-57, provided a dot map for Romania. Zhigileva, Kirina, and Burakova, 2014, Herpetol. Notes, 7: 569–574, reported on genetic diversity in this species in western Siberia.  Terbish, Munkhbayar, and Munkhbaatar, 2013, Guide Amph. Rept. Mongolia: 10–11, provided a brief account, photograph, and spot map for Mongolia, although Kuzmin, Dunayev, Munkhbayar, Munkhbaatar, and Terbish, 2017, in Kuzmin (ed.), Amph. Mongolia: 46–208, do not include this species for that country, suggesting that these records are now assigned to Rana amurensis or Rana chensinensis. Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 170–172, provided a brief account and range map for Europe. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 88, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map, as well as a photograph (see p. 197 for photographs and map of subspecies). Munkhbaatar, Terbish, Onolragchaa, Zoljargal, Burnee, Gurragchaa, and Munkhbayar, 2020, IRCF Rept. & Amph., 27: 154–160, provided records from northwestern Mongolia (Khuvsgul Province). 

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