Euphlyctis Fitzinger, 1843

English Names

Five-fingered Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 98).

Skipper Frogs (Dufresnes, Mahony, Prasad, Kamei, Masroor, Khan, Al-Johany, Gautam, Gupta, Borkin, Melnikov, Rosanov, Skorinov, Borzée, Jablonski, and Litvinchuk, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20 (2102686): 1). 

Skittering Frogs (Dufresnes, Mahony, Prasad, Kamei, Masroor, Khan, Al-Johany, Gautam, Gupta, Borkin, Melnikov, Rosanov, Skorinov, Borzée, Jablonski, and Litvinchuk, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20 (2102686): 1). 

Distribution

Southwestern Arabian Peninsula; Pakistan and India to Afghanistan, Nepal, through Myanmar into Thailand, and Sri Lanka.

Comment

Treated as a subgenus of Rana by Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 233. First ranked in modern times as a genus by Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 124 (in the sense of including Phrynoderma), this arrangement followed by Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 314. Grosjean, Vences, and Dubois, 2004, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 81: 171–181, regarded on the basis of DNA sequence data that Euphlyctis (monophyly assumed) is the sister taxon of Hoplobatrachus, with Fejervarya, Sphaeroteca, Nannophrys and Limnonectes forming more distant relations. Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 136, also regarded Euphlyctis as the sister taxon of Hoplobatrachus. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543–583, confirmed the monophyly of this taxon, its position as sister of Hoplobatrachus, and a phylogenetic estimate for exemplar species. Dinesh, Channakeshavamurthy, Deepak, Ghosh, and Deuti, 2021, Zootaxa, 4990: 329–353, provided keys to the species, delimited two species groups (the Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis group and the Euphlyctis hexadactylus group, noted in the species records and now recognized, respectively as Phrynoderma and Euphlyctis), and provided an mtDNA ML tree of the species, noting several unnamed lineages. Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 236, resurrected Phrynoderma. Dufresnes, Mahony, Prasad, Kamei, Masroor, Khan, Al-Johany, Gautam, Gupta, Borkin, Melnikov, Rosanov, Skorinov, Borzée, Jablonski, and Litvinchuk, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20 (2102686): 1–25, reported on the molecular phylogenetics and species delimitation in South Asia.  

Euphlyctis given priority over Phrynoderma by action of first revisor, according to Dubois, 1975, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 3, Zool., 324: 1112. Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 237, discussed why this name is available, noting that  Phrynoderma Sturm, 1828, Deutschl. Fauna, Amph.: 147, was original published as a synonym of Zopherus Gray, 1832, and not treated as available prior to 1961, making it unavailable. The former Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis group was trecognized as Phrynoderma by Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 237, and Dinesh, Channakeshavamurthy, Deepak, Shabnam, Ghosh, and Deuti, 2022, Zootaxa, 5100: 419. Subsequently, Dufresnes, Mahony, Prasad, Kamei, Masroor, Khan, Al-Johany, Gautam, Gupta, Borkin, Melnikov, Rosanov, Skorinov, Borzée, Jablonski, and Litvinchuk, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20 (2102686): 1–25, recognized Phrynoderma as a subgenus. 

Contained taxa (8 sp.):

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