Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Sylvirana cubitalis (Smith, 1917)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Sylvirana > Species: Sylvirana cubitalis

Rana cubitalis Smith, 1917, J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 2: 277. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.2.35, according to Ohler, 2007, Alytes, 25: 67. Type locality: "Doi Nga Chang, N. Siam [Thailand]. . . . Collected on the banks of a small stream,. . . at about 500 metres elevation".

Rana (Hylorana) cubitalis — Boulenger, 1920, Rec. Indian Mus., 20: 124.

Rana (Hylarana) cubitalis — Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 316-317; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 42, by implication.

Rana (Sylvirana) cubitalis — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326.

Rana (Sylvirana) nigrotympanica Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 341. Holotype: Designated as specimen figured in fig. 4-1 in Liu and Hu, 1960 "1959", Acta Zool. Sinica, 11: 508-538; given as CIB 571162 by Ohler, 2007, Alytes, 25: 67. Type locality: Not designated beyond "Chine"; given as "Mengyan (21° 37′ N, 101° 22′ E), Xishuanbann Daizu Zizhizhou, Yunnan Sheng, China" by Ohler, 2007, Alytes, 25: 67, who made the synonymy.

Rana (Hylarana) nigrotympanica — Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 172.

Hylarana cubitalis — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 237, by implication; Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 3, by implication.

Hylarana nigrotympanica — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 237, by implication; Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 3, by implication.

Sylvirana cubitalis — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 370; Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 34; Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 191.

Sylvirana nigrotympanica — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 370; Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 34. Undiscussed recognition. See comment under Ranidae record.

Hylarana (Sylvirana) nigrotympanica — Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 3: 1124.

English Names

Siam Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 107).

Yellow Stream Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 115).

Darkeared Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 130).

Black-eared Frog (Hylarana nigrotympanica [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 108; Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 172).

Siamese Frog (Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 354).

Distribution

Karen Hills of Myanmar into Thailand, also in southeastern Thailand on the Cambodia border; isolated populations in southern China from eastern Fujian northern Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, southeastern Guangxi, and central southern Yunnan, China, to along the Myanmar and Laos border; northern Laos (Phongsali, Louangnamtha, and Xaignabouli provinces) and into adjacent Vietnam (Dien Bien and Son La provinces).

Comment

Prior to the revision of Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297, placed in the Section Hylarana, subsection Hydrophylax, subgenus Sylvirana of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326. See Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 424-427, and Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 316-317, for discussion. See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 84-86, to compare this species to other ranids of the Sunda Shelf region. Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 116, provided a brief characterization and photograph (which Ohler, 2003, Alytes, 21: 101, did not think identifiable beyond Limnonectes sp.). Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 130-131, provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 132, regard the status of Rana nigrotympanica questionable, pending examination of specimens. Yang, 1991, Amph. Fauna of Yunnan: 159-161, provided an account as Rana varians. Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 172-173, provided a brief account, map, and figure as Hylarana nigrotympanica. Stuart, Heatwole, and Tan, 2006, Hamadryad, 30: 108-113, provided a record, as Rana nigrotympanica, for northern Laos and discussed the nomenclatural confusions with Rana varians. See discussion by Ohler, 2007, Alytes, 25: 55-74. Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 67-68, provided a brief account (as Rana cubitalis) for Yunnan, China. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 3: 1124-1128, provided an account, figures, and map for China and placed it in their Hylarana (Sylvirana) nigrotympanica group. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 311 (as Hylarana cubitalis), 318 (as Hylarana nirotympanica) provided brief accounts. Zhang and Wen, 2000, Amph. Guangxi: 88, provided an account (as Rana varians) for Guangxi. Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 74-75, provided a brief account (as Rana varians) for Yunnan, China. Shi, 2011, Amph. Rept. Fauna Hainan: 105-106, provided an account for Hainan as Rana nigrotympanica. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 354, provided an account (as Sylvirana cubitalis: 354; and Sylvirana nigrotympanica: 358), photographs, and a revised range map for China. The synonymy of Rana nigrotympanica with Hylarana cubitalis rather than Sanguirana varians, with which it was previous confused is curious and warrants additional work (DRF). Pham, Le, Nguyen, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2014, Russ. J. Herpetol., 21: 195–200, reported records from Son La Province in northwestern Vietnam. Li, 2011, Amph. Rept. Guangdong: 43, provided a brief account (as Hylarana nigrotympanica) for Guangdong, China, and photograph. Luong, Nguyen, Le, Nguyen, and Nguyen, 2019, Herpetol. Notes, 12: 375–387, provided records from Dien Bien Province, Vietnam, and discussed the range and natural history. Nguyen, Brakels, Maury, Sudavanh, Pawangkhanant, Idiiatullina, Lorphengsy, Inkhavilay, Suwannapoom, and Poyarkov, 2020, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 14 (2: e248): 218–249, who discussed the range and provided a record (as Rana cf. cubitalis) from Xaignabouli Province, Laos.

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For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.